Savage H M, Fritz C L, Rutstein D, Yolwa A, Vorndam V, Gubler D J
Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado 80522, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Apr;58(4):519-24. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.58.519.
A dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) outbreak in Yap State caused by dengue-4 virus was confirmed serologically and by virus isolation from serum samples collected on each of three island groups. Most DF/DHF cases occurred during a three-month period between mid-May and early August 1995. Five fatal cases, three of which were in children between the ages of four and 11, occurred between June 20 and July 26. A serosurvey conducted in late August revealed anti-dengue IgM prevalence rates of 18% on Yap, 36% on Eauripik, and 6% on Woleai. The majority of residents (93-100%) on the three islands were positive for anti-dengue IgG antibodies, indicating widespread exposure to dengue viruses. The IgG titers indicative of secondary antibody response were noted on Eauripik (6.5%) and Woleai (17%), but were rare on Yap (0.7%). Entomologic investigations implicated the native mosquito species, Aedes hensilli, a member of the Scutellaris Group of Aedes (Stegomyia), as a previously unrecognized epidemic vector of dengue viruses. Aedes hensilli was the most abundant and widespread member of Ae. (Stegomyia) in Yap State, the only species of Ae. (Stegomyia) on Woleai, and the only mosquito species present on Eauripik. New distribution records for mosquito species are reported.
由登革热4型病毒引起的雅浦州登革热/登革出血热疫情经血清学检测及从三个岛屿群各自采集的血清样本病毒分离得到确认。多数登革热/登革出血热病例发生在1995年5月中旬至8月初的三个月期间。6月20日至7月26日期间出现了5例死亡病例，其中3例为4至11岁儿童。8月下旬进行的血清学调查显示，雅浦岛的抗登革热IgM流行率为18%，埃奥里皮克岛为36%，沃莱艾岛为6%。三个岛屿上的大多数居民（93%至100%）抗登革热IgG抗体呈阳性，表明广泛接触过登革热病毒。在埃奥里皮克岛（6.5%）和沃莱艾岛（17%）发现了表明二次抗体反应的IgG滴度，但在雅浦岛很少见（0.7%）。昆虫学调查表明，当地蚊种——白纹伊蚊（伊蚊（埃及伊蚊）盾形亚属成员）是此前未被认识的登革热病毒流行传播媒介。白纹伊蚊是雅浦州伊蚊（埃及伊蚊）中数量最多、分布最广的成员，是沃莱艾岛唯一的伊蚊（埃及伊蚊）物种，也是埃奥里皮克岛唯一存在的蚊种。报告了蚊种的新分布记录。
