Tietze K W, Trumann B, Schlaud M, Kleemann W J, Poets C F
Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin.
Gesundheitswesen. 1998 Mar;60(3):154-8.
In 1990 the Innocenti Declaration on promoting breastfeeding was proclaimed in Florence/Italy. It became the subject of resolution 45.34 of the World Health Assembly in 1992. In the Federal Republic of Germany there was no wide-scale mass-media campaign to promote breastfeeding as in other countries. But mother-to-mother support groups, medical services and the newly founded National Breastfeeding Committee supported prolonged breastfeeding in public. The effects of the joint effort could be estimated by comparing the results of two postal surveys in 1991 and 1995. The surveys were conducted in Lower Saxony, North-Rhine-Westphalia and Berlin. A tendency could be shown toward more exclusive breastfeeding. Breastfeeding with supplementary food increased by a factor of 1.3 after adjusting for the variables mother's age, sleeping in parents' room or bed and no-smoking household. In Lower Saxony the increase was by a factor of 1.5 starting from a lower base value. The baby sleeping in the parents' room or in their bed furthered breastfeeding by a factor of 1.5 to 4. Non smoking mothers are 4 times more willing to breastfeed their infants than smoking mothers. German mothers breastfeed their infants two to three times more often than turkish mothers.
1990年，《促进母乳喂养因诺琴蒂宣言》在意大利佛罗伦萨发布。它成为1992年世界卫生大会第45.34号决议的主题。在德意志联邦共和国，没有像其他国家那样开展大规模的促进母乳喂养的大众媒体宣传活动。但是，母婴互助小组、医疗服务机构以及新成立的全国母乳喂养委员会支持在公共场所延长母乳喂养时间。通过比较1991年和1995年两次邮政调查的结果，可以评估共同努力所产生的效果。这些调查在下萨克森州、北莱茵-威斯特法伦州和柏林进行。结果显示出更倾向于纯母乳喂养的趋势。在对母亲年龄、与父母同室或同床睡觉以及无烟家庭等变量进行调整后，添加辅食的母乳喂养增加了1.3倍。在下萨克森州，从较低的基数开始，增加了1.5倍。婴儿与父母同室或同床睡觉使母乳喂养的几率提高了1.5至4倍。不吸烟的母亲母乳喂养婴儿的意愿是吸烟母亲的4倍。德国母亲母乳喂养婴儿的频率是土耳其母亲的两到三倍。
