Soriano F, Fernández-Roblas R, Calvo R, García-Calvo G
Department of Medical Microbiology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 May;42(5):1028-33. doi: 10.1128/AAC.42.5.1028.
The comparative in vitro activity of the ketolide HMR 3647 (RU 66647) and those of structurally related macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin compounds (erythromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, josamycin, lincomycin, pristinamycin, and quinupristin-dalfopristin) as well as those of benzylpenicillin, doxycycline, vancomycin, teicoplanin, levofloxacin, and rifapentine against 247 aerobic and facultative non-spore-forming gram-positive bacilli were determined by an agar dilution method. The ketolide was active against most organisms tested except Corynebacterium striatum, coryneform CDC group 12, and Oerskovia spp. The frequency of resistance to erythromycin and other macrolides as well as that to lincomycin was high. Pristinamycin and, to a lesser extent, quinupristin-dalfopristin were very active, but resistance to these agents was present in some strains of Rhodococcus equi, Listeria spp., C. striatum, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, and Oerskovia spp. HMR 3647 was very active against all erythromycin-sensitive and many erythromycin-nonsusceptible strains, especially Corynebacterium minutissimum, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, Corynebacterium amycolatum, and Corynebacterium jeikeium. In vitro resistance to benzylpenicillin was common, but doxycycline, vancomycin, and teicoplanin were very active against most organisms tested except E. rhusiopathiae, against which glycopeptide antibiotics were not active. The in vitro activity of levofloxacin was remarkable, but resistance to this agent was common for C. amycolatum, Corynebacterium urealyticum, C. jeikeium, and Oerskovia spp. strains. Rifapentine was also very active in vitro against many organisms, but resistance to this agent was always present in E. rhusiopathiae and was very common in C. striatum and C. urealyticum.
采用琼脂稀释法测定了酮内酯HMR 3647（RU 66647）、结构相关的大环内酯-林可酰胺-链阳菌素类化合物（红霉素、罗红霉素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素、交沙霉素、林可霉素、普那霉素以及奎奴普丁-达福普汀）、苄青霉素、强力霉素、万古霉素、替考拉宁、左氧氟沙星和利福喷汀对247株需氧及兼性无芽孢革兰氏阳性杆菌的体外比较活性。酮内酯对除纹带棒状杆菌、棒状杆菌属CDC 12组及厄氏菌属外的大多数受试菌具有活性。对红霉素和其他大环内酯类以及林可霉素的耐药频率较高。普那霉素以及在较小程度上奎奴普丁-达福普汀活性很强，但在某些马红球菌、李斯特菌属、纹带棒状杆菌、猪红斑丹毒丝菌和厄氏菌属菌株中存在对这些药物的耐药性。HMR 3647对所有红霉素敏感菌株及许多红霉素不敏感菌株具有很强活性，尤其是极小棒状杆菌、假白喉棒状杆菌、无枝菌酸棒状杆菌和杰氏棒状杆菌。对苄青霉素的体外耐药很常见，但强力霉素、万古霉素和替考拉宁对大多数受试菌具有很强活性，除了对猪红斑丹毒丝菌活性不强，糖肽类抗生素对其无活性。左氧氟沙星的体外活性显著，但对无枝菌酸棒状杆菌、解脲棒状杆菌、杰氏棒状杆菌和厄氏菌属菌株耐药很常见。利福喷汀在体外对许多菌也具有很强活性，但猪红斑丹毒丝菌对其始终耐药，在纹带棒状杆菌和解脲棒状杆菌中耐药很常见。
