Macklin R
Psychoanal Q. 1976 Jul;45(3):430-54.
The nature and scope of freedom and rationality in man are explored in light of the problems posed by a deterministic framework for understanding and explaining human though, feeling, and behavior. It is argued that the sort of explanation afforded by a psychodynamic theory is fully compatible with attributing freedom and rationality to persons. In particular, psychoanalytic theory is able to account for the existence of causal laws governing all aspects of human behavior, while providing a schema by which we can distinguish rational from irrational behavior, and free acts from those that are unfree.
鉴于决定论框架在理解和解释人类思维、情感及行为时所引发的问题，本文探讨了人类自由与理性的本质和范围。文章认为，心理动力学理论所提供的那种解释与赋予人自由和理性完全相符。特别是，精神分析理论能够解释支配人类行为各个方面的因果律的存在，同时提供一种模式，借此我们能够区分理性行为与非理性行为，以及自由行为与非自由行为。
