Carlson J G, Singelis T M, Chemtob C M
University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu 96822, USA.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 1997 Dec;22(4):247-59. doi: 10.1007/BF02438979.
Veterans with (n = 10) and without (n = 10) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) participated in an exploratory study of facial reactivity to neutral slides and to slides depicting unpleasant combat-related material that were previously determined to be emotionally evocative. It was found that the zygomaticus major (cheek), masseter (jaw), and lateral frontalis (forehead) muscles were especially reactive to the combat slides in the veterans with PTSD, suggesting the importance of facial emotional expression in this disorder. The PTSD participants' self-reports of overall distress paralleled these effects. However, autonomic reactivity did not reflect general arousal effects due to the visual stimuli, showing both the sensitivity of facial muscle assessment in this context and the need for further research on the relationship between stimulus modality and physiological trauma reactions. Additional directions for research in this area are discussed including efforts to correlate subjective and physiological reactions.
患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的退伍军人（n = 10）和未患创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人（n = 10）参与了一项探索性研究，该研究旨在观察他们面对中性幻灯片以及描绘令人不快的与战斗相关内容的幻灯片（这些幻灯片先前已被确定具有情绪唤起作用）时的面部反应。研究发现，在患有创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人中，颧大肌（脸颊）、咬肌（下巴）和额外侧肌（额头）对战斗幻灯片的反应尤为强烈，这表明面部情绪表达在这种疾病中具有重要意义。创伤后应激障碍参与者对总体痛苦的自我报告与这些效应相符。然而，自主反应并未反映出视觉刺激引起的一般唤醒效应，这既显示了在此背景下面部肌肉评估的敏感性，也表明需要进一步研究刺激方式与生理创伤反应之间的关系。本文还讨论了该领域的其他研究方向，包括将主观反应与生理反应进行关联的努力。
