Hart D, Keller M, Edelstein W, Hofmann V
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey 08102, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 May;74(5):1278-89. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.74.5.1278.
The relation of childhood personality to the development of friendship understanding and moral judgment in adolescence was considered in a longitudinal study. Personality at age 7, assessed with the California Child Q-Set, was characterized in terms of ego-resiliency and ego-control. IQ and social class were also measured. Friendship understanding was assessed when the participants were ages 7, 9, 12, 15, and 19, and moral judgment was elicited when the participants were 12, 15, and 19. Ego-resiliency was found to predict social-cognitive development in adolescence, even after the effects of IQ and childhood measures of social-cognitive development were controlled for. Analyses indicate that the effects of ego-resiliency on social-cognitive development are largely unmediated by the ability to focus attention or by social participation.
一项纵向研究探讨了儿童期人格与青少年友谊理解和道德判断发展之间的关系。研究使用加州儿童Q分类法评估了7岁儿童的人格，从自我复原力和自我控制方面进行了描述。同时还测量了智商和社会阶层。在参与者7岁、9岁、12岁、15岁和19岁时评估友谊理解，在参与者12岁、15岁和19岁时引出道德判断。研究发现，即使在控制了智商和儿童期社会认知发展测量的影响之后，自我复原力仍能预测青少年的社会认知发展。分析表明，自我复原力对社会认知发展的影响在很大程度上不是由注意力集中能力或社会参与介导的。
