Gottstein B, Hentrich B, Wyss R, Thür B, Busato A, Stärk K D, Müller N
Institute of Parasitology, University of Berne, Switzerland.
Int J Parasitol. 1998 Apr;28(4):679-91. doi: 10.1016/s0020-7519(98)00006-x.
Neospora caninum has gained considerable attention through its role in the aetiology of bovine abortion. Due to its close phylogenetic relationship with Toxoplasma gondii, respective unequivocal differential diagnosis deserves special consideration. In order to evaluate the diagnostic performance of molecular and immunodiagnostic techniques and to provide insights into the epidemiological significance of bovine neosporosis in Switzerland, we conducted a study on 83 cases of bovine abortion: of these, 24 (29%) foetal brains were positive by Neospora-PCR, six of these foetuses were simultaneously seropositive in Neospora-IFAT and/or somatic antigen-ELISA. Conversely, four (5%) foetal brains were considered positive by Toxoplasma-PCR, two of which were also seropositive in the Toxoplasma-P30-ELISA and/or direct agglutination test. The seroprevalence in 1689 cattle sera obtained from 113 diary farms was 11.5% (95% confidence interval: 9.2-13.8) by Neospora-somatic antigen-ELISA were and 10.7% (95% confidence interval: 8.3-12.6) by Toxoplasma-P30-ELISA. From the same samples, 1.1%, less than statistically expected, were positive in both ELISA. Within selected groups of cow-calf farms, the seroprevalence determined using the Neospora-somatic antigen-ELISA was 14% (95% confidence interval 5.0-23.0) for dams and 15% (95% confidence interval: 3.0-28.0) for offspring calves. Seroprevalences determined by Toxoplasma-P30-ELISA were 8% (95% confidence interval: 4.0-12.0) for dams and 3% (95% confidence interval: 0.3-6.0) for calves. None of the sera gave a positive reaction in both ELISA. Our data indicated that prenatal neosporosis appears as an important cause of bovine abortion in Switzerland.
犬新孢子虫因其在牛流产病因学中的作用而受到了广泛关注。由于它与刚地弓形虫有着密切的系统发育关系，因此各自明确的鉴别诊断值得特别考虑。为了评估分子和免疫诊断技术的诊断性能，并深入了解瑞士牛新孢子虫病的流行病学意义，我们对83例牛流产病例进行了研究：其中，24例（29%）胎儿脑经新孢子虫PCR检测呈阳性，其中6例胎儿同时在新孢子虫间接荧光抗体试验（Neospora-IFAT）和/或体细胞抗原酶联免疫吸附测定（somatic antigen-ELISA）中血清学呈阳性。相反，4例（5%）胎儿脑经弓形虫PCR检测被认为呈阳性，其中2例在弓形虫P30酶联免疫吸附测定（Toxoplasma-P30-ELISA）和/或直接凝集试验中血清学也呈阳性。通过新孢子虫体细胞抗原酶联免疫吸附测定，从113个奶牛场采集的1689份牛血清中的血清阳性率为11.5%（95%置信区间：9.2 - 13.8），通过弓形虫P30酶联免疫吸附测定的血清阳性率为10.7%（95%置信区间：8.3 - 12.6）。在相同样本中，两种酶联免疫吸附测定均呈阳性的比例为1.1%，低于统计学预期。在选定的奶牛-犊牛养殖场组中，使用新孢子虫体细胞抗原酶联免疫吸附测定确定的血清阳性率，对于母牛为14%（95%置信区间5.0 - 23.0），对于后代犊牛为15%（95%置信区间：3.0 - 28.0）。通过弓形虫P30酶联免疫吸附测定确定的血清阳性率，对于母牛为8%（95%置信区间：4.0 - 12.0），对于犊牛为3%（95%置信区间：0.3 - 6.0）。没有一份血清在两种酶联免疫吸附测定中均呈阳性反应。我们的数据表明，产前新孢子虫病在瑞士似乎是牛流产的一个重要原因。
