Schwarzer S, Reibel S, Lang A B, Struck M M, Finkel B, Gerike E, Tischer A, Gassner M, Glück R, Stück B, Cryz S J
Virchow-Clinic, Medical Faculty, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany.
Vaccine. 1998 Jan-Feb;16(2-3):298-304. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(97)00174-6.
We performed a randomized trial to compare the safety and immunogenicity of two combined measles, mumps and rubella vaccines in healthy children 14-24 months of age. Triviraten Berna Vaccine (Swiss Serum and Vaccine Institute), contains the Edmonston Zagreb 19 strain of measles virus, the Rubini mumps virus strain and the Wistar RA 27/3 rubella strain while MMR-Vax (Merck, Sharp & Dohme, West Point, PA) contains the Enders attenuated Edmonston measles strain, the Jeryl Lynn mumps strain and the Wistar RA 27/3 rubella strain. Immunization with Triviraten Berna was associated with a significantly lower incidence of swelling and redness at the injection site in addition to a reduced rate of fever compared with MMR-Vax. Seroconversion rates for the measles and rubella vaccine components were comparable in all tests used. However, seroconversion for the mumps vaccine component was test-dependent. Using an ELISA, the seroconversion rate following immunization with MMR-Vax was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than for Triviraten Berna. In contrast, nearly identical rates were obtained using an indirect immunofluorescence test. Both vaccines were equally effective at engendering antibodies capable of neutralizing wild type mumps virus. Geometric mean ELISA antibody titers against measles and mumps virus were higher following immunization with MMR-Vax while that for rubella was higher after immunization with Triviraten Berna. A small number (N = 13) of adolescents immunized either with MMR-Vax or Triviraten Berna were reimmunized with Triviraten Berna and various humoral and cellular response parameters to the measles and mumps vaccine components analyzed. While few subjects mounted a humoral antibody response to measles, most likely due to elevated baseline titers, there was a marked lymphoproliferative response. Anti-mumps virus ELISA antibody titers were higher both at baseline and after reimmunization in subjects who received MMR-Vax for primary immunization. However, there was no difference in either neutralizing titer or proliferative response in subjects primed with MMR-Vax or Triviraten Berna either before or after reimmunization.
我们进行了一项随机试验，比较两种麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹联合疫苗在14至24个月大健康儿童中的安全性和免疫原性。特立维他恩·伯尔纳疫苗（瑞士血清与疫苗研究所）含有麻疹病毒的埃德蒙斯顿·萨格勒布19株、鲁比尼腮腺炎病毒株和Wistar RA 27/3风疹株，而MMR-Vax（默克公司，美国宾夕法尼亚州西点）含有恩德斯减毒埃德蒙斯顿麻疹株、杰里尔·林恩腮腺炎株和Wistar RA 27/3风疹株。与MMR-Vax相比，接种特立维他恩·伯尔纳疫苗后注射部位肿胀和发红的发生率显著降低，发热率也有所降低。在所有使用的检测中，麻疹和风疹疫苗成分的血清转化率相当。然而，腮腺炎疫苗成分的血清转化取决于检测方法。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），接种MMR-Vax后的血清转化率显著（P < 0.01）高于特立维他恩·伯尔纳疫苗。相比之下，使用间接免疫荧光试验获得的转化率几乎相同。两种疫苗在产生能够中和野生型腮腺炎病毒的抗体方面同样有效。接种MMR-Vax后，针对麻疹和腮腺炎病毒的酶联免疫吸附测定几何平均抗体滴度较高，而接种特立维他恩·伯尔纳疫苗后风疹的几何平均抗体滴度较高。一小部分（N = 13）接种了MMR-Vax或特立维他恩·伯尔纳疫苗的青少年用特立维他恩·伯尔纳疫苗再次免疫，并分析了对麻疹和腮腺炎疫苗成分的各种体液和细胞反应参数。虽然很少有受试者对麻疹产生体液抗体反应，很可能是由于基线滴度升高，但有明显的淋巴细胞增殖反应。在初次免疫接种MMR-Vax的受试者中，抗腮腺炎病毒酶联免疫吸附测定抗体滴度在基线和再次免疫后均较高。然而，在再次免疫前后，用MMR-Vax或特立维他恩·伯尔纳疫苗免疫的受试者在中和滴度或增殖反应方面没有差异。
