Masters M S
Department of Psychology, San Jose State University, CA 95192-0120, USA.
Mem Cognit. 1998 May;26(3):444-8. doi: 10.3758/bf03201154.
Men score higher than women on the Mental Rotations test (MRT), and the magnitude of this gender difference is the largest of that on any spatial test. Goldstein, Haldane, and Mitchell (1990) reported finding that the gender difference on the MRT disappears when "performance factors" are controlled--specifically, when subjects are allowed sufficient time to attempt all items on the test or when a scoring procedure that controls for the number of items attempted is used. The present experiment also explored whether eliminating these performance factors results in a disappearance of the gender difference on the test. Male and female college students were allowed a short time period or unlimited time on the MRT. The tests were scored according to three different procedures. The results showed no evidence that the gender difference on the MRT was affected by the scoring method or the time limit. Regardless of the scoring procedure, men scored higher than women, and the magnitude of the gender difference persisted undiminished when subjects completed all items on the test. Thus there was no evidence that performance factors produced the gender difference on the MRT. These results are consistent with the results of other investigators who have attempted to replicate Goldstein et al.'s findings.
在心理旋转测试（MRT）中，男性得分高于女性，而且这种性别差异的幅度在所有空间测试中是最大的。戈尔茨坦、霍尔丹和米切尔（1990年）报告称，当“表现因素”得到控制时——具体来说，当受试者有足够时间尝试测试中的所有题目，或者使用一种控制尝试题目数量的计分程序时，MRT中的性别差异就会消失。本实验还探讨了消除这些表现因素是否会导致测试中的性别差异消失。让男女大学生在MRT测试中限时短时间完成或不限时完成。测试按照三种不同程序计分。结果显示，没有证据表明MRT中的性别差异受到计分方法或时间限制的影响。无论计分程序如何，男性得分都高于女性，并且当受试者完成测试中的所有题目时，性别差异的幅度持续存在且没有减小。因此，没有证据表明表现因素导致了MRT中的性别差异。这些结果与其他试图复制戈尔茨坦等人研究结果的研究者的结果一致。
