[Morphological problems of chronic placental insufficiency].

The possible causes of chronic placental insufficiency you can subdivide in maternal, maternal-uterine, placental and, fetale factors. Among the maternal-uterine factors are morphological changes of the myometrial and decidual spiral arteries evident in respect of the uteroplacental exchange function. Further are commented intensively the placental factors of fetal malnutrition. There we will put in the front the disturbances of implantation, of circulation in the maternal and fetal system and of placentation (maturation). We demonstrate two possibilities of quantification in chronic placental insufficiency. That are measures of the uteroplacental contact area as well as the estimation of placental basal membrane thickness. We mean, by both the methods important references for the existence of a chronic placental insufficiency can be given.