Kalashnikova E P
Arkh Patol. 1986;48(9):14-20.
Placental insufficiency is considered as a disorder of compensatory-adaptative reactions on subcellular, cellular and tissue levels. In cases of relative insufficiency diagnosed on subcellular and cellular levels, homeostasis of the mother-placenta-fetus system is maintained by the tissue reactions, mainly hemodynamic ones. Among morphological features of compensatory mechanisms the most informative is the index of chorionic villi vascularization. Rapid decrease of the index indicates the development of the absolute placental insufficiency. Among the factors which limit compensatory-adaptative reactions it is necessary to distinguish, besides involutional-dystrophic, circulatory, inflammatory processes, a disorder in the chorion maturation which proceeds in different versions depending on the character and duration of the maternal pathology influence.
胎盘功能不全被认为是亚细胞、细胞和组织水平上的代偿性适应反应紊乱。在亚细胞和细胞水平诊断为相对功能不全的情况下，母-胎盘-胎儿系统的稳态通过组织反应（主要是血液动力学反应）得以维持。在代偿机制的形态学特征中，最具信息量的是绒毛膜绒毛血管化指数。该指数的快速下降表明绝对胎盘功能不全的发展。在限制代偿性适应反应的因素中，除了退行性营养不良、循环、炎症过程外，还必须区分绒毛膜成熟障碍，其根据母体病理影响的性质和持续时间以不同形式出现。
