Bobkov A, Kazennova E, Selimova L, Bobkova M, Khanina T, Ladnaya N, Kravchenko A, Pokrovsky V, Cheingsong-Popov R, Weber J
The D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1998 May 20;14(8):669-76. doi: 10.1089/aid.1998.14.669.
The former Soviet Union republics have experienced an explosive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic among injecting drug users (IDUs), consisting mainly of subtype A viruses originated from a point source (Bobkov et al.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1997;13:1195-1201). To determine whether new HIV-1 subtypes have entered the IDU population, 46 samples derived from IDUs in Russia (n = 39) and the Ukraine (n = 7) were genotyped by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). It was shown that 83% of IDU HIV-1 strains found in both countries belong to genetic subtype A. However, env subtype B was also found in 17% of cases. The sequence data showed a marked intrasubtype homogeneity of HIV-1 (the average means of interpatient genetic distance were 1.1 and 1.7% [in the gag gene] or 1.8 and 2.3% [in the env gene] for subtype A and subtype B, respectively), confirming the hypothesis of a point source of virus for each subtype variant. Moreover, recombinant gagA/envB variants originating from those two strains were also found in two samples collected in the Kaliningrad region of Russia. In conclusion, our results suggest that two strains of HIV-1 belonging to different genetic subtypes, A and B, as well as gagA/envB recombinants between genomes of these strains, are now circulating simultaneously among IDUs in the former Soviet Union.
前苏联各共和国的注射吸毒者中爆发了人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）疫情，主要由源自单一源头的A型病毒构成（Bobkov等人：《艾滋病研究与人类逆转录病毒》，1997年；13：1195 - 1201）。为确定是否有新的HIV-1亚型进入了注射吸毒者群体，对来自俄罗斯（n = 39）和乌克兰（n = 7）的46份注射吸毒者样本进行了异源双链迁移率分析（HMA）基因分型。结果显示，在这两个国家发现的注射吸毒者HIV-1毒株中，83%属于基因A型。然而，在17%的病例中也发现了env B亚型。序列数据显示HIV-1在亚型内具有显著的同源性（A型和B型患者间基因距离的平均均值分别为1.1%和1.7%[gag基因]或1.8%和2.3%[env基因]），证实了每种亚型变体病毒单一源头的假说。此外，在俄罗斯加里宁格勒地区采集的两份样本中还发现了源自这两种毒株的重组gagA/envB变体。总之，我们的结果表明，属于不同基因亚型A和B的两种HIV-1毒株以及这些毒株基因组间的重组gagA/envB变体目前在前苏联的注射吸毒者中同时传播。
