Randi E, Pierpaoli M, Danilkin A
Istituto Nazionale per la Fauna Selvatica, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
Heredity (Edinb). 1998 Apr;80 ( Pt 4):429-37. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2540.1998.00318.x.
We have amplified and sequenced 679 nucleotides of the mitochondrial DNA control-region in 45 Siberian (Capreolus pygargus) and European (C. capreolus) roe deer from two localities in Russia and seven in Italy. Average interspecific sequence divergence was 4.9%. Six different haplotypes were found in Siberian roe deer, and 14 haplotypes in Alpine European roe deer. A population of the endemic Italian subspecies C. c. italicus was monomorphic bearing a single haplotype with one unique nucleotide deletion and a fixed transversion. Phylogenetic relationships among haplotypes indicated that the two species were separated with 100% bootstrap support, and there were two distinct population clusters within each species. These clusters correspond to different geographical locations of the samples: Siberian roe deer were subdivided into west Siberia (Kurgan region) and east Siberia (Amur region), and European roe deer were subdivided into an eastern and a western Alpine group. Average sequence divergence among conspecific populations was 1.2%. Calibrations of evolutionary rates of the different domains of the control-region suggest that Siberian and European roe deer speciated about 2-3 million years ago, and haplotype diversity within species was generated during the last 150,000-370,000 years. Geographical structuring of sequence variability in roe deer allows us to identify historical and recent intraspecific population differences, including the effects of human disturbance. The genetic peculiarities of the endemic Italian subspecies C. c. italicus call for careful conservation of its surviving populations.
我们对来自俄罗斯两个地点以及意大利七个地点的45只西伯利亚狍（Capreolus pygargus）和欧洲狍（C. capreolus）的线粒体DNA控制区的679个核苷酸进行了扩增和测序。种间平均序列差异为4.9%。在西伯利亚狍中发现了六种不同的单倍型，在阿尔卑斯山欧洲狍中发现了14种单倍型。意大利特有亚种C. c. italicus的一个种群是单态的，带有一个独特的单倍型，有一个独特的核苷酸缺失和一个固定的颠换。单倍型之间的系统发育关系表明，这两个物种在100%的自展支持下被分开，并且每个物种内有两个不同的种群簇。这些簇对应于样本的不同地理位置：西伯利亚狍被细分为西西伯利亚（库尔干地区）和东西伯利亚（阿穆尔地区），欧洲狍被细分为东部和西部阿尔卑斯山组。同种种群之间的平均序列差异为1.2%。控制区不同区域进化速率的校准表明，西伯利亚狍和欧洲狍大约在200 - 300万年前形成物种分化，物种内的单倍型多样性是在过去15万 - 37万年间产生的。狍序列变异的地理结构使我们能够识别历史上和近期的种内种群差异，包括人类干扰的影响。意大利特有亚种C. c. italicus的遗传特性要求对其现存种群进行谨慎保护。
