Wetzel R D
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976 Sep;33(9):1069-73. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770090059005.
One hundred fifty-four suicide attempters, threateners, and psychiatric controls were rated on suicide intent scales and given tests to assess hopelessness, depression and self-rated suicide risk. Ninety-four subjects were retested one month later. Both hopelessness and depression were significantly greater in suicidal subjects. In threatenets, hopelessness and depression scores differed significantly between high and low suicide intent subjects. In attempters ranked by suicide intent at time of testing, more and less suicidal subjects differed significantly in hopelessness and depression scores. Both depression and hopelessness were sensitive to changes in suicide risk during the one-month follow-up. In all analyses, hopelessness correlated more highly with suicide intent than did depression. The data were regarded as supporting the hypothesis that hopelessness is more closely related to suicide intent than is depression.
154名自杀未遂者、威胁者和精神科对照者接受了自杀意图量表评分，并进行了评估绝望感、抑郁和自评自杀风险的测试。94名受试者在一个月后接受了重新测试。自杀受试者的绝望感和抑郁程度均显著更高。在威胁者中，高自杀意图和低自杀意图受试者的绝望感和抑郁得分存在显著差异。在测试时按自杀意图排名的未遂者中，自杀倾向较高和较低的受试者在绝望感和抑郁得分上存在显著差异。在为期一个月的随访期间，抑郁和绝望感对自杀风险的变化均很敏感。在所有分析中，绝望感与自杀意图的相关性高于抑郁。这些数据被视为支持了这样一种假设，即绝望感比抑郁与自杀意图的关系更为密切。
