Allain T J, Gomo Z, Wilson A O, Ndemera B, Adamchak D J, Matenga J A
Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Cent Afr J Med. 1997 Nov;43(11):325-8.
To establish the ranges of full blood count (FBC), vitamin B12 and folate levels and to determine the prevalence of occult haematological abnormalities in older Zimbabweans.
Community based cross sectional survey.
278 randomly selected healthy Zimbabweans aged > 65 years. INTERVENTIONS/STUDY FACTORS: Haemoglobin level, MCV, folate, B12 alcohol consumption.
The median Hb was males 14.0 (range 8 to 18.3), females 13.1 g/dl (7.9 to 18.1). 23% were anaemic (Hb < 13 g/dl in males, < 12 g/dl in females), 3% with microcytic and 20% with macrocytic indices. Overall 13% had low vitamin B12 and 30% had low folate levels. Folate levels were significantly lower in urban subjects and B12 levels were significantly lower in rural subjects. Fifty four subjects (21%) had an MCV > 100 fl. In this group, low folate levels were found in 22, low B12 levels in nine, excessive alcohol in eight and two subjects had elevated TSH. The MCV was higher in urban subjects.
This study has revealed a large amount of occult haematological abnormality and interesting differences between rural and urban subjects. It focuses attention on low levels of folate, which should be preventable by simple nutritional education, as an extensive problem in the community.
确定全血细胞计数（FBC）、维生素B12和叶酸水平范围，并确定津巴布韦老年人隐匿性血液学异常的患病率。
基于社区的横断面调查。
278名随机选取的65岁以上健康津巴布韦人。干预措施/研究因素：血红蛋白水平、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、叶酸、B12、饮酒情况。
男性血红蛋白中位数为14.0（范围8至18.3），女性为13.1 g/dl（7.9至18.1）。23%的人贫血（男性血红蛋白<13 g/dl，女性<12 g/dl），3%为小细胞性贫血，20%为大细胞性贫血指标。总体而言，13%的人维生素B12水平低，30%的人叶酸水平低。城市受试者的叶酸水平显著较低，农村受试者的B12水平显著较低。54名受试者（21%）的MCV>100 fl。在这组中，22人叶酸水平低，9人B12水平低，8人饮酒过量，2人促甲状腺激素升高。城市受试者的MCV较高。
本研究揭示了大量隐匿性血液学异常以及城乡受试者之间有趣的差异。它将注意力集中在叶酸水平低这一问题上，通过简单的营养教育应可预防，而这是社区中的一个广泛问题。
