Kinoshita-Moleka R, Smith J S, Atibu J, Tshefu A, Hemingway-Foday J, Hobbs M, Bartz J, Koch M A, Rimoin A W, Ryder R W
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Epidemiol Infect. 2008 Sep;136(9):1290-6. doi: 10.1017/S0950268807009818. Epub 2007 Nov 21.
This study examined the prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in pregnant women in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Between April and July 2004, antenatal attendees at two of the largest maternity clinics in Kinshasa were tested to identify HIV status, syphilis, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). HIV seroprevalence was 1.9% in 2082 women. With PCR techniques, CT and NG infections were also uncommon in the first 529 women (1.7% and 0.4%, respectively). No active syphilis infection case was identified by Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (TPHA) and rapid plasma reagin test (RPR). A woman's risk of HIV infection was significantly associated with her reporting a male partner having had other female sexual partners (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-6.2). The continuing low seroprevalence of HIV in pregnant women from Kinshasa was confirmed. Understanding factors associated with this phenomenon could help prevent a future HIV epidemic in low HIV transmission areas in Africa.
本研究调查了刚果民主共和国（DRC）金沙萨孕妇中艾滋病毒（HIV）及其他性传播感染（STIs）的流行情况。2004年4月至7月期间，对金沙萨两家最大的产科诊所的产前检查者进行检测，以确定其HIV感染状况、梅毒、沙眼衣原体（CT）和淋病奈瑟菌（NG）感染情况。2082名女性中HIV血清阳性率为1.9%。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术检测，最初的529名女性中CT和NG感染也不常见（分别为1.7%和0.4%）。梅毒螺旋体血凝试验（TPHA）和快速血浆反应素试验（RPR）未检出活动性梅毒感染病例。女性感染HIV的风险与其报告男性伴侣有其他女性性伴侣显著相关（比值比2.7，95%置信区间1.2 - 6.2）。金沙萨孕妇中HIV血清阳性率持续较低这一情况得到证实。了解与这一现象相关的因素有助于预防非洲低HIV传播地区未来的HIV流行。
