Edwards S, Carne C
Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge.
Sex Transm Infect. 1998 Feb;74(1):6-10. doi: 10.1136/sti.74.1.6.
To review the literature on the role of oral sex in the transmission of viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
A Medline search was performed using the keywords oro-genital sex, and those specific to each infection. Further references from each article identified by Medline were also included, as were relevant references from "Current contents".
Oral sex is a common sexual practice among both heterosexual and homosexual couples. The evidence suggests that HIV transmission can take place through oro-genital sex from penis to mouth and vagina to mouth. Case reports describe apparent transmission from mouth to penis although this appears less likely. The risk of oro-genital transmission of HIV is substantially less than from vaginal and anal intercourse. Receptive oro-genital sex carries a small risk of human papillomavirus infection and possibly hepatitis C, while insertive oro-genital contact is an important risk factor for acquisition of HSV 1. Oro-anal transmission can occur with hepatitis A and B. The transmission of other viruses may occur but is unproved. The relative importance of oral sex as a route for the transmission of viruses is likely to increase as other, higher risk sexual practices are avoided for fear of acquiring HIV infection.
回顾关于口交在病毒性性传播感染（STIs）传播中作用的文献。
使用关键词“口交”以及每种感染的特定关键词进行Medline检索。还纳入了Medline检索出的每篇文章的进一步参考文献，以及“现刊目次”中的相关参考文献。
口交在异性恋和同性恋伴侣中都是常见的性行为。有证据表明，HIV可通过从阴茎到口腔以及从阴道到口腔的口交传播。病例报告描述了从口腔到阴茎的明显传播，尽管这种情况似乎不太可能。HIV口交传播的风险远低于阴道性交和肛交。接受性口交有感染人乳头瘤病毒以及可能感染丙型肝炎的小风险，而插入性口交接触是感染1型单纯疱疹病毒的重要风险因素。甲型和乙型肝炎可通过口肛传播。其他病毒可能发生传播，但未经证实。由于担心感染HIV而避免其他高风险性行为，口交作为病毒传播途径的相对重要性可能会增加。
