Melhorn J M
Department of Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine at Wichita, USA.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1998 Jun(351):107-26.
Cumulative trauma disorders account for 56% of all occupational injuries. Currently, occupational injuries affect 15% to 20% of all Americans. The United States government predicts that by the year 2000, 50% of the American workforce will have occupational injuries annually and 50 cents of every dollar will be spent on cumulative trauma disorders. There is common agreement on the need for reduction of cumulative trauma disorders in the workplace. However, there is little agreement on the appropriate definition for musculoskeletal pain that occurs in the workplace, or the ergonomic and epidemiologic model for cumulative trauma disorders, or on the specific exposure relationships of the individual, by the job, and occurring in the workplace. The previous treatments for, and the natural history of, cumulative trauma disorders in other countries gives some insight into the possible future of cumulative trauma disorders for the United States. Until research can provide specific dose and exposure relationships for the individual, prevention remains the best treatment for cumulative trauma disorders in the workplace.
累积性创伤失调占所有职业伤害的56%。目前，职业伤害影响着15%至20%的美国人。美国政府预测，到2000年，每年将有50%的美国劳动力遭受职业伤害，并且每一美元中就有50美分将花费在累积性创伤失调上。对于减少工作场所的累积性创伤失调的必要性，人们已达成共识。然而，对于工作场所出现的肌肉骨骼疼痛的恰当定义、累积性创伤失调的人体工程学和流行病学模型，以及个人在工作场所因工作而产生的具体暴露关系，却几乎没有达成共识。其他国家对累积性创伤失调的以往治疗方法和自然病史，为美国累积性创伤失调的可能未来提供了一些见解。在研究能够为个体提供具体的剂量和暴露关系之前，预防仍然是工作场所累积性创伤失调的最佳治疗方法。
