Morisson F, Lavigne G, Petit D, Nielsen T, Malo J, Montplaisir J
Centre d'Etude du Sommeil, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur and Dept of Psychiatry, University of Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Eur Respir J. 1998 May;11(5):1135-40. doi: 10.1183/09031936.98.11051135.
Neuropsychological investigations of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) have shown impairments in such basic functions as memory, attention and executive control. Since executive functions are known to be dependent on the integrity of the frontal lobe, it was hypothesized that OSAS may be associated with hypoxaemic frontal lobe dysfunction. To test this hypothesis, 21 apnoeic patients and 10 normal controls were studied with quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) methods during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when most apnoeic events occur and during wakefulness. In apnoeic patients, EEG slowing in REM sleep was observed over frontal, central and parietal regions, while EEG slowing during wakefulness was observed over all cortical regions examined. A positive correlation was found between EEG slowing during wakefulness and oxygen desaturation during the night. Contrary to the hypothesis, these electroencephalographic changes were not localized only to the frontal region. This result may explain the wide range of neuropsychological deficits noted in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, in addition to their poor performance in tasks of executive functioning.
对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者的神经心理学研究表明，他们在记忆、注意力和执行控制等基本功能方面存在障碍。由于已知执行功能依赖于额叶的完整性，因此推测OSAS可能与缺氧性额叶功能障碍有关。为了验证这一假设，对21名呼吸暂停患者和10名正常对照者在快速眼动（REM）睡眠期间（此时大多数呼吸暂停事件发生）以及清醒状态下进行了定量脑电图（EEG）研究。在呼吸暂停患者中，在额叶、中央和顶叶区域观察到REM睡眠期间脑电图减慢，而在清醒状态下，在所检查的所有皮质区域均观察到脑电图减慢。在清醒时的脑电图减慢与夜间氧饱和度下降之间发现了正相关。与假设相反，这些脑电图变化并非仅局限于额叶区域。这一结果可能解释了阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者除执行功能任务表现不佳外，还存在广泛的神经心理学缺陷的原因。
