O'Neill J, Hibbard M R, Brown M, Jaffe M, Sliwinski M, Vandergoot D, Weiss M J
Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York 10021, USA.
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 1998 Aug;13(4):68-79. doi: 10.1097/00001199-199808000-00007.
To investigate the effect of employment on perceived quality of life (QOL), social integration, and home and leisure activities for individuals with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs).
A number of demographic and injury-related variables (age at injury, time since injury, severity of injury, education, gender, preinjury household income, and marital status) were analyzed for their association first with employment and then with the QOL, social integration, and home and leisure activities. Any of these variables showing significant associations were then included along with level of employment in three final multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs), again predicting QOL, social integration, and home and leisure activities.
Urban, suburban, and rural New York state.
337 adults with TBI who resided in New York state and were between the ages of 18 and 65 years.
The Craig Handicap Assessment Capacity Technique, the Bigelow Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Flanagan Scale of Needs (adapted), and a global QOL measure.
Employment showed a strong and consistent relationship with perceived QOL, social integration within the community, and home and leisure activities. Part-time employment may have been superior to full-time employment for individuals with TBI: part-time workers had fewer unmet needs, were more socially integrated, and were more engaged in home activities than full-time workers. Loss of consciousness, as a measure of severity, was unexpectedly predictive of diminished sense of QOL for individuals with less severe injuries.
Being employed contributes to one"s sense of well-being, social integration, and pursuit of leisure and home activities. Select advantages of working part-time for individuals with TBI were identified.
探讨就业对创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者的生活质量（QOL）、社会融合以及家庭和休闲活动的影响。
分析了一些人口统计学和与损伤相关的变量（受伤年龄、受伤时间、损伤严重程度、教育程度、性别、伤前家庭收入和婚姻状况），首先分析它们与就业的关联，然后分析与生活质量、社会融合以及家庭和休闲活动的关联。然后，在三项最终的多变量方差分析（MANOVA）中，将显示出显著关联的任何这些变量与就业水平一起纳入，再次预测生活质量、社会融合以及家庭和休闲活动。
纽约州的城市、郊区和农村。
337名居住在纽约州、年龄在18至65岁之间的成年TBI患者。
克雷格残疾评估能力技术、比奇洛生活质量问卷、弗拉纳根需求量表（改编版）以及一项总体生活质量测量指标。
就业与感知到的生活质量、社区内的社会融合以及家庭和休闲活动之间存在强烈且一致的关系。对于TBI患者而言，兼职工作可能优于全职工作：与全职工作者相比，兼职工作者未满足的需求更少，社会融合度更高，并且更多地参与家庭活动。作为严重程度衡量指标的意识丧失，出人意料地预示着伤势较轻的个体生活质量感会降低。
就业有助于提升个人的幸福感、社会融合以及对休闲和家庭活动的追求。确定了TBI患者从事兼职工作的一些特定优势。
