Greenwald A G, McGhee D E, Schwartz J L
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-1525, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Jun;74(6):1464-80. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.74.6.1464.
An implicit association test (IAT) measures differential association of 2 target concepts with an attribute. The 2 concepts appear in a 2-choice task (2-choice task (e.g., flower vs. insect names), and the attribute in a 2nd task (e.g., pleasant vs. unpleasant words for an evaluation attribute). When instructions oblige highly associated categories (e.g., flower + pleasant) to share a response key, performance is faster than when less associated categories (e.g., insect & pleasant) share a key. This performance difference implicitly measures differential association of the 2 concepts with the attribute. In 3 experiments, the IAT was sensitive to (a) near-universal evaluative differences (e.g., flower vs. insect), (b) expected individual differences in evaluative associations (Japanese + pleasant vs. Korean + pleasant for Japanese vs. Korean subjects), and (c) consciously disavowed evaluative differences (Black + pleasant vs. White + pleasant for self-described unprejudiced White subjects).
内隐联想测验（IAT）测量两个目标概念与一个属性之间的差异关联。这两个概念出现在一个二选一任务中（例如，花与昆虫的名称），而属性出现在第二个任务中（例如，用于评价属性的愉快与不愉快的词语）。当指令要求高度关联的类别（例如，花+愉快）共享一个反应键时，表现会比不太关联的类别（例如，昆虫&愉快）共享一个键时更快。这种表现差异隐含地测量了这两个概念与属性之间的差异关联。在3个实验中，IAT对以下情况敏感：（a）几乎普遍存在的评价差异（例如，花与昆虫），（b）评价关联中预期的个体差异（日本受试者的日本+愉快与韩国+愉快，韩国受试者的情况相反），以及（c）自觉否认的评价差异（自称无偏见的白人受试者的黑人+愉快与白人+愉快）。
