加拿大11个城市的城市环境空气污染混合物对每日死亡率的影响。
The effect of the urban ambient air pollution mix on daily mortality rates in 11 Canadian cities.
作者信息
Burnett R T, Cakmak S, Brook J R
机构信息
Environmental Health Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON.
出版信息
Can J Public Health. 1998 May-Jun;89(3):152-6. doi: 10.1007/BF03404464.
OBJECTIVE
Determine the risk of premature mortality due to the urban ambient air pollution mix in Canada.
METHODS
The number of daily deaths for non-accidental causes were obtained in 11 cities from 1980 to 1991 and linked to concentrations of ambient gaseous air pollutants using relative risk regression models for longitudinal count data.
RESULTS
Nitrogen dioxide had the largest effect on mortality with a 4.1% increased risk (p < 0.01), followed by ozone at 1.8% (p < 0.01), sulphur dioxide at 1.4% (p < 0.01), and carbon monoxide at 0.9% (p = 0.04) in multiple pollutant regression models. A 0.4% reduction in premature mortality was attributed to achieving a sulphur content of gasoline of 30 ppm in five Canadian cities, a risk reduction 12 times greater than previously reported.
CONCLUSIONS
Ambient air pollution generated from the burning of fossil fuels is a risk factor for premature mortality in 11 Canadian cities.
目的
确定加拿大城市环境空气污染混合物导致过早死亡的风险。
方法
获取了1980年至1991年11个城市非意外原因的每日死亡人数，并使用纵向计数数据的相对风险回归模型将其与环境气态空气污染物浓度相关联。
结果
在多污染物回归模型中，二氧化氮对死亡率的影响最大，风险增加4.1%（p<0.01），其次是臭氧，为1.8%（p<0.01），二氧化硫为1.4%（p<0.01），一氧化碳为0.9%（p=0.04）。在加拿大五个城市，汽油含硫量达到30 ppm使过早死亡率降低了0.4%，风险降低幅度比之前报告的大12倍。
结论
化石燃料燃烧产生的环境空气污染是加拿大11个城市过早死亡的一个风险因素。
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