Casson F F, Zucchero A, Boscolo Bariga A, Malusa E, Veronese C, Boscolo Rizzo P, Chiereghin F, Boscolo Panzin C, Mancarella P, Mastrangelo G
Division di Medicina Generale, Ospedale di Chioggia.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 1998 Apr-Jun;20(2):68-74.
To evaluate whether there is an association between deep-sea fishing and common chronic disease.
The study was cross-sectional, simultaneously considering groups of fishermen and non-fishermen. Information on life-style and work was collected by means of questionnaires, and clinical data were collected by specialists in: Internal Medicine (general clinical examination), Cardiology (ECG, measurement of arterial pressure), Pneumology (measurement of spirometric volumes), ENT (clinical examination of the ear, nose and throat, including audiometry), Ophthalmology (examination of lens). Beside the common statistical methods, the logistic stepwise regression analysis was used in order to find the risk factors of the diseases, and to correct the risk estimates for the confounding variables.
Fisherman had prolonged hours of continuous work, which were found to be correlated with high cigarette and alcohol consumption. Significant associations were found between, on the one hand, work accidents, noise-induced hearing loss, solar keratosis, cataracts, obstructive bronchitis, rhino-sinusitis, otitis media with tympanic perforation, ECG alterations, and, on the other hand, various aspects of fisherman occupation, mainly fishing in high sea and work duration as fisherman.
Deep-sea fishing is a stressful and risky work; a reduction in the number of years at sea with reduced exposure to noise, poor weather conditions and sun, and a lower consumption of cigarettes and alcohol might result in fewer skin, eye respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and injuries.
评估深海捕鱼与常见慢性病之间是否存在关联。
本研究为横断面研究，同时考虑渔民组和非渔民组。通过问卷调查收集生活方式和工作信息，由内科（一般临床检查）、心脏病学（心电图、动脉压测量）、肺病学（肺活量测量）、耳鼻喉科（耳、鼻、喉临床检查，包括听力测定）、眼科（晶状体检查）专家收集临床数据。除常用统计方法外，采用逻辑逐步回归分析以找出疾病的危险因素，并校正混杂变量的风险估计值。
渔民的连续工作时间较长，且发现与高吸烟量和高饮酒量相关。一方面，工作事故、噪声性听力损失、日光性角化病、白内障、阻塞性支气管炎、鼻窦炎、鼓膜穿孔性中耳炎、心电图改变，另一方面，渔民职业的各个方面，主要是在公海捕鱼和作为渔民的工作时长之间存在显著关联。
深海捕鱼是一项压力大且有风险的工作；减少在海上的年限，减少接触噪音、恶劣天气和阳光，以及降低吸烟和饮酒量，可能会减少皮肤、眼睛、呼吸道和心血管疾病以及损伤的发生。
