Skjerve E, Waldeland H, Nesbakken T, Kapperud G
Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Food Hygiene, Oslo, Norway.
Prev Vet Med. 1998 Jun 1;35(3):219-27. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5877(98)00057-9.
In a study of lambs from 194 sheep flocks from different areas of Norway, 44.3% of the flocks were found seropositive against Toxoplasma gondii using an ELISA test, with antibodies found in 16.2% of the 1940 individual animals. The risk factors for the occurrence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii found in the multivariate logistic regression were: daily presence of a young cat in the sheep house (Odds ratio, OR = 4.11, 95% CI = 1.01-19.7); 'atypical' grazing of lambs (OR = 6.35, CI = 2.36-17.11); use of mouse poison in the sheep house (OR = 2.26, CI = 1.02-5.00); farm situated at an altitude > 100 meters above seal level (101-250 m: OR = 1.20, CI = 0.49-2.92; 251-500 m: OR = 4.97; CI = 2.04-12.0; > 500 m: OR = 3.66, CI = 1.33-10.1). A lower risk was found for flocks with perforated metal floors in the sheep house (OR = 0.47, CI = 0.23-0.96) and timber construction of the sheep house (OR = 0.34, CI = 0.15-0.80). Based on these findings it was recommended that farmers avoid keeping young cats in the sheep houses, that close-to-farm grazing be kept to a minimum and that perforated metal floors be used in the sheep houses. However, with such a high seroprevalence, the proposed measures alone would not reduce the occurrence of Toxoplasma in lambs to a level where undercooked lamb can be consumed without posing an unacceptable risk for some consumer groups.
在一项针对来自挪威不同地区194个羊群的羔羊的研究中，使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试验发现，44.3%的羊群弓形虫血清学检测呈阳性，在1940只个体动物中有16.2%检测到抗体。多因素逻辑回归分析中发现的弓形虫抗体出现的风险因素有：羊舍中每天都有幼猫（比值比，OR = 4.11，95%置信区间 = 1.01 - 19.7）；羔羊“非典型”放牧（OR = 6.35，置信区间 = 2.36 - 17.11）；在羊舍中使用灭鼠药（OR = 2.26，置信区间 = 1.02 - 5.00）；农场海拔高于海平面100米（101 - 250米：OR = 1.20，置信区间 = 0.49 - 2.92；251 - 500米：OR = 4.97；置信区间 = 2.04 - 12.0；> 500米：OR = 3.66，置信区间 = 1.33 - 10.1）。对于羊舍有穿孔金属地板的羊群（OR = 0.47，置信区间 = 0.23 - 0.96）和羊舍为木结构的羊群（OR = 0.34，置信区间 = 0.15 - 0.80），发现风险较低。基于这些发现，建议农民避免在羊舍中饲养幼猫，尽量减少靠近农场的放牧，并在羊舍中使用穿孔金属地板。然而，由于血清阳性率如此之高，仅采取这些建议措施并不能将羔羊中弓形虫的发生率降低到一个水平，即食用未煮熟的羊肉不会给某些消费群体带来不可接受的风险。
