Windsor R S, Wood A
SACVS, St. Mary's Industrial Estate, Dumfries, Scotland.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 Jun 29;849:299-306. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb11062.x.
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony (M. mycoides) has been endemic in many parts of Africa for the greater part of this century. Because of an international vaccination campaign the disease was almost eliminated from the continent. With the deteriorating economic situation of many countries, vaccination programs have been allowed to slip; drought conditions have resulted in great movements of livestock and the disease has spread rapidly to the east and south. For Government Veterinary Departments, the implications of this resurgence of CBPP, are serious. The costs threaten to overwhelm completely under-funded government, services. Where cost-recovery measures are introduced, the charging for vaccines may damage rapport with communities and erode the credibility of the government services. Farmers may find the loss of cattle and the costs of vaccine severe burdens which threaten their livelihoods and social well-being (Zambia) and even, in extreme cases, their survival (Botswana). Controlling the disease today presents new possibilities which include increased cross-border collaboration (Malawi/Tanzania), increased emphasis on monitoring (N. Zambia) and the greater involvement of communities in disease control (W. Zambia).
由丝状支原体丝状亚种小菌落型（M. mycoides）引起的牛传染性胸膜肺炎（CBPP）在本世纪大部分时间里在非洲许多地区流行。由于一场国际疫苗接种运动，该病在非洲大陆几乎被根除。随着许多国家经济形势的恶化，疫苗接种计划被搁置；干旱导致牲畜大量流动，疾病迅速向东和向南蔓延。对于政府兽医部门来说，CBPP的这种死灰复燃带来了严重影响。成本可能会使资金严重不足的政府服务不堪重负。在实施成本回收措施的地方，疫苗收费可能会损害与社区的关系，并削弱政府服务的公信力。农民可能会发现，牲畜损失和疫苗成本是沉重负担，威胁到他们的生计和社会福祉（赞比亚），在极端情况下甚至威胁到他们的生存（博茨瓦纳）。如今控制这种疾病出现了新的可能性，包括加强跨境合作（马拉维/坦桑尼亚）、更加重视监测（赞比亚北部）以及社区更多地参与疾病控制（赞比亚西部）。
