Alhaji Nma Bida, Babalobi Olutayo Olajide
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Zoonoses and Epidemiology Unit, Niger State Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, Minna, Nigeria.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2016 Feb;48(2):311-20. doi: 10.1007/s11250-015-0952-y. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
A cross-sectional survey of 765 cattle in 125 nomadic and 375 cattle in 125 sedentary herds was conducted to investigate prevalence and risk factors for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in the two production systems of Niger State in North Central Nigeria, between January and August 2013. Data on herd characteristics were collected using structured questionnaires administered on herd owners. Serological analysis was conducted using competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) test. Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate statistical analyses were conducted with OpenEpi version 2.3.1 software. Statistical significance was held at P < 0.05. CBPP sero-prevalence in nomadic cattle was 16.2 % (confidence interval (CI) 13.7-19.0) and 9.6 % (CI 6.9-12.9) in sedentary cattle. The overall cattle-level sero-prevalence for two the cattle production systems was 14.0 % (CI 12.1-16.1). Age and agro-ecological zones were significantly (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively) associated with sero-positivity to Mmm in nomadic production. Agro-ecological zone C had the highest sero-prevalence (25.3 %, CI 20.2-31.0). No significant cattle factors were detected in sedentary production. Factors significantly associated with CBPP occurrence at herd-level were contacts with other herds during grazing (P < 0.001) and at watering points (P < 0.001). Others were introduction of new cattle into herd (P < 0.001), outbreaks of CBPP in an area (P < 0.001), socio-cultural factors of cattle gifts and dowry payment (P < 0.001), herd composition of keeping cattle and small ruminants together (P < 0.001), and long trekking during migrations (P = 0.0009). This study had shown the burden of CBPP in the two production systems. Sero-diagnosis and risk factor identification should be institutionalized as elements of epidemio-surveillance and control strategies for CBPP, especially in resource-poor pastoralists' settlements in Nigeria.
2013年1月至8月期间，在尼日利亚中北部尼日尔州的两种生产系统中，对125个游牧牛群中的765头牛和125个定居牛群中的375头牛进行了横断面调查，以调查牛传染性胸膜肺炎（CBPP）的流行情况和风险因素。通过向畜主发放结构化问卷收集畜群特征数据。使用竞争酶联免疫吸附测定（c-ELISA）试验进行血清学分析。使用OpenEpi 2.3.1版软件进行描述性、单变量和多变量统计分析。统计学显著性设定为P < 0.05。游牧牛群中CBPP血清阳性率为16.2%（置信区间（CI）13.7 - 19.0），定居牛群中为9.6%（CI 6.9 - 12.9）。两种牛生产系统的总体牛水平血清阳性率为14.0%（CI 12.1 - 16.1）。在游牧生产中，年龄和农业生态区与对Mmm血清阳性显著相关（分别为P < 0.001和P < 0.001）。农业生态区C的血清阳性率最高（25.3%，CI 20.2 - 31.0）。在定居生产中未检测到显著的牛相关因素。在畜群水平上与CBPP发生显著相关的因素包括放牧期间与其他畜群接触（P < 0.001）和在饮水点接触（P < 0.001）。其他因素包括向畜群引入新牛（P < 0.001）、某地区CBPP疫情爆发（P < 0.001）、牛馈赠和嫁妆支付的社会文化因素（P < 0.001）、牛与小反刍动物混养的畜群组成（P < 0.001）以及迁徙期间长途跋涉（P = 0.0009）。本研究显示了CBPP在这两种生产系统中的负担。血清学诊断和风险因素识别应作为CBPP流行病学监测和控制策略的要素制度化，特别是在尼日利亚资源匮乏的牧民定居点。
