Kruslin B, Jukić S, Kos M, Simić G, Cviko A
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
Acta Med Croatica. 1998;52(2):103-7.
In this study, we analyzed the frequency, type and sex distribution of congenital anomalies of the central nervous system (CNS) at autopsy in the period prior to and after the Chernobyl accident in northwest Croatia, one of the areas with the highest exposure to nuclear contamination from Chernobyl. All autopsies in both periods were performed by the same technique, i.e. dissection of the trunk and head, and inspection of the extremities. There were 53 infants with congenital anomalies of the CNS in the period prior to, and 99 in the period after the Chernobyl accident. Our results showed a statistically significant increase in the incidence of CNS anomalies in general (chi 2 = 4,719, p < 0.05, D. F. = 1) and of neural tube defects (chi 2 = 5.380, p < 0.05, D. F. = 1) in the period after the Chernobyl accident. Differences in the incidence of various CNS anomalies, in all types of anomalies, and in sex distribution were not statistically significant. Studies of the association between the Chernobyl accident and congenital anomalies showed no clear changes in the prevalence of anomalies at birth which might have been associated with the accident. This study provided some additional data on the frequency of CNS anomalies in the period after the Chernobyl accident in one of the areas with the highest exposure to the nuclear contamination from Chernobyl. We suggest that the frequency of all anomalies, including CNS, in the period after the Chernobyl accident should be carefully monitored.
在本研究中，我们分析了克罗地亚西北部（切尔诺贝利事故核污染暴露最高的地区之一）在切尔诺贝利事故前后尸检时中枢神经系统（CNS）先天性异常的频率、类型和性别分布。两个时期的所有尸检均采用相同技术，即躯干和头部解剖以及四肢检查。切尔诺贝利事故前有53例中枢神经系统先天性异常婴儿，事故后有99例。我们的结果显示，切尔诺贝利事故后中枢神经系统异常总体发生率（卡方 = 4.719，p < 0.05，自由度 = 1）以及神经管缺陷发生率（卡方 = 5.380，p < 0.05，自由度 = 1）有统计学显著增加。各类中枢神经系统异常的发生率、所有类型异常的发生率以及性别分布差异均无统计学意义。关于切尔诺贝利事故与先天性异常之间关联的研究表明，出生时异常患病率未出现可能与该事故相关的明显变化。本研究提供了切尔诺贝利事故后切尔诺贝利核污染暴露最高地区之一中枢神经系统异常频率的一些补充数据。我们建议应仔细监测切尔诺贝利事故后包括中枢神经系统在内的所有异常的频率。
