Larson J R, Christensen C, Franz T M, Abbott A S
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago 60607-7137, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Jul;75(1):93-108. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.75.1.93.
The impact of group discussion on the decision-making effectiveness of medical teams was examined. Three-person teams of physicians diagnosed 2 hypothetical medical cases. Some of the information about each case was given to all team members prior to discussion (shared information), whereas the rest was divided among them (unshared information). Compared with unshared information, shared information was more likely to be pooled during discussion and was pooled earlier. In addition, team leaders were consistently more likely than other members to ask questions and to repeat shared information and, over time, also became more likely than others to repeat unshared information. Finally, pooling unshared (but not shared) information improved the overall accuracy of the team diagnoses, whereas repeating both shared and unshared information affected bias (but not accuracy) in the diagnoses.
研究了小组讨论对医疗团队决策有效性的影响。由三名医生组成的团队对两个假设的医疗案例进行诊断。每个案例的一些信息在讨论前提供给所有团队成员（共享信息），而其余信息则在他们之间分配（非共享信息）。与非共享信息相比，共享信息在讨论期间更有可能被汇总，并且汇总得更早。此外，团队领导者始终比其他成员更有可能提问并重复共享信息，随着时间的推移，也比其他人更有可能重复非共享信息。最后，汇总非共享（而非共享）信息提高了团队诊断的总体准确性，而重复共享和非共享信息都会影响诊断中的偏差（但不影响准确性）。
