Mooney M P, Burrows A M, Wigginton W, Singhal V K, Losken H W, Smith T D, Dechant J, Towbin A, Cooper G M, Towbin R, Siegel M I
Department of Anatomy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
J Craniofac Surg. 1998 May;9(3):234-9. doi: 10.1097/00001665-199805000-00010.
Although craniosynostosis alters brain growth direction resulting in compensatory changes in the neurocranium, it has been suggested that such compensations occur with little reduction in intracranial volume (ICV). This hypothesis was tested in a rabbit model with nonsyndromic, familial coronal suture synostosis. Cross-sectional three-dimensional computed tomographic head scans were obtained from 79 rabbits (25 normal, 28 with delayed-onset synostosis, and 26 with early-onset synostosis) at 25, 42, and 126 days of age. Intracranial contents were reconstructed and indirect ICV was calculated. Results revealed that by 25 days of age the intracranial contents from early-onset synostosed rabbit skulls showed rostral (anterior) constrictions and a "beaten copper" morphology in the parietal and temporal regions compared with the other two groups. These deformities increased in severity with age. Quantitatively, ICV was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) by 7% in rabbits with early-onset synostosis compared with both control rabbits and rabbits with delayed-onset synostosis at 25 days of age. By 126 days of age, ICV in rabbits with synostosis was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by 11% in early-onset synostosis and by 8% in delayed-onset synostosis compared with normal rabbits. Results suggest that in rabbits with uncorrected craniosynostosis, compensatory changes in the neurocranium were not adequate to allow normal expansion of the neurocapsular matrix. Further research is needed to determine if ICV reduction is correlated with cerebral atrophy or cerebral spinal fluid (i.e., ventricular or subarachnoid) space compression in this model.
虽然颅缝早闭会改变大脑生长方向，导致神经颅骨发生代偿性变化，但有人提出这种代偿发生时颅内体积（ICV）的减少很小。该假设在一个患有非综合征性家族性冠状缝早闭的兔子模型中进行了测试。在25日龄、42日龄和126日龄时，对79只兔子（25只正常、28只迟发性缝早闭和26只早发性缝早闭）进行了横断面三维计算机断层扫描头部扫描。重建颅内内容物并计算间接ICV。结果显示，到25日龄时，与其他两组相比，早发性缝早闭兔子颅骨的颅内内容物在顶叶和颞叶区域出现了喙状（前部）收缩和“铜锤样”形态。这些畸形随着年龄的增长而加重。定量分析显示，与对照组兔子和迟发性缝早闭兔子相比，早发性缝早闭兔子在25日龄时ICV显著降低（P < 0.05）7%。到126日龄时，与正常兔子相比，患有缝早闭的兔子中，早发性缝早闭组的ICV显著降低（p < 0.05）11%，迟发性缝早闭组降低8%。结果表明，在未矫正颅缝早闭的兔子中，神经颅骨的代偿性变化不足以使神经囊基质正常扩张。需要进一步研究来确定在该模型中ICV降低是否与脑萎缩或脑脊液（即脑室或蛛网膜下腔）空间压缩相关。
