Kenney W L
Noll Physiological Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802-6900, USA.
Int J Sports Med. 1998 Jun;19 Suppl 2:S92-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-971966.
When humans are exposed to extreme ambient temperatures, or generate internal heat by exercise, the body strives to maintain internal body temperature. The core and skin temperatures attained, as well as the physiological adjustments necessary to minimize temperature excursions, are governed by (i) heat generated by working muscle, (ii) external work performed, and (iii) biophysical heat exchange with the thermal environment. This paper provides an overview of these avenues of heat production and exchange, the aspects of the thermal environment which dictate the direction and magnitude of that exchange, and the mean body temperature response from a simplified biophysical perspective.
当人类暴露于极端环境温度下，或通过运动产生内热时，身体会努力维持体内温度。所达到的核心温度和皮肤温度，以及将温度波动降至最低所需的生理调节，取决于：（i）工作肌肉产生的热量；（ii）进行的外部功；以及（iii）与热环境的生物物理热交换。本文从简化的生物物理角度概述了这些产热和热交换途径、决定热交换方向和幅度的热环境因素，以及平均体温反应。
