Potter M C, Chun M M, Banks B S, Muckenhoupt M
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1998 Jul;24(4):979-92. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.24.4.979.
When monitoring a rapid serial visual presentation at 100 ms per item for 2 targets among distractors, viewers have difficulty reporting the 2nd target (T2) when it appears 200-500 ms after the onset of the 1st letter target (T1): an attentional blink (AB; M. M. Chun & M. C. Potter, 1995b; J. E. Raymond, K. L. Shapiro, & K. M. Arnell, 1992). Does the same deficit occur with auditory search? The authors compared search for auditory, visual, and cross-modal targets in 2 tasks: (a) identifying 2 target letters among digits (Experiments 1-3 and 5) or digits among letters (Experiment 6), and (b) identifying 1 digit among letters and deciding whether an X occurred among the subsequent letters (Experiment 4). In the experiments using the 1st task, the standard AB was found only when both targets were visual. In the 2nd task, with a change in selective set from T1 to T2, a task-switching deficit was obtained regardless of target modality.
当以每个项目100毫秒的速度对干扰项中的2个目标进行快速序列视觉呈现监测时，若第二个目标（T2）在第一个字母目标（T1）出现后200 - 500毫秒出现，观察者很难报告该目标：即注意瞬脱（AB；M. M. 春和M. C. 波特，1995b；J. E. 雷蒙德、K. L. 夏皮罗和K. M. 阿内尔，1992）。听觉搜索中是否会出现同样的缺陷？作者在两项任务中比较了对听觉、视觉和跨模态目标的搜索：（a）在数字中识别2个目标字母（实验1 - 3和5）或在字母中识别数字（实验6），以及（b）在字母中识别1个数字并判断随后的字母中是否出现了X（实验4）。在使用第一项任务的实验中，只有当两个目标都是视觉目标时才发现了标准的注意瞬脱。在第二项任务中，随着从T1到T2的选择集变化，无论目标模态如何，都出现了任务切换缺陷。
