Withers N J, Low L, Holgate S T, Clough J B
University Medicine, University Child Health, and Department of Medical Statistics, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 Aug;158(2):352-7. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.158.2.9705079.
A cohort of 2,289 children, previously studied at the age of 6-8 yr, were followed up by means of a postal questionnaire when aged 14 -16 yr to examine the association between potential risk factors and the natural history of respiratory symptoms. Children with current symptoms, persistent symptoms, and late-onset symptoms were identified and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the independent association between risk factors and these various symptom-based subgroups. Personal and family history of atopy was significantly associated with all symptom groups and with the presence of doctor-diagnosed asthma. Smoking, either active or passive, was shown to be significantly associated with current, persistent, and late-onset symptoms. Other factors shown to be significantly associated with certain symptom groups were gender (late-onset wheeze), single-parent households (current cough, persistent cough), social class (late-onset wheeze), number of children in the household (persistent wheeze, late-onset cough), number of furry pets in the household (current wheeze), birth weight (late-onset wheeze), and gas cookers (current wheeze, persistent wheeze). In a subgroup of children studied in more detail in 1987, bronchial hyperresponsiveness in 1987 was positively associated with persistent wheeze in 1995, whereas positive skin-prick testing in 1987 was not.
对一组曾在6至8岁时接受过研究的2289名儿童，在他们14至16岁时通过邮寄问卷的方式进行随访，以研究潜在风险因素与呼吸道症状自然史之间的关联。确定了有当前症状、持续性症状和迟发性症状的儿童，并进行多变量分析，以确定风险因素与这些基于不同症状的亚组之间的独立关联。特应性的个人和家族史与所有症状组以及医生诊断的哮喘存在显著关联。主动或被动吸烟均与当前、持续性和迟发性症状显著相关。其他被证明与某些症状组显著相关的因素包括性别（迟发性喘息）、单亲家庭（当前咳嗽、持续性咳嗽）、社会阶层（迟发性喘息）、家庭儿童数量（持续性喘息、迟发性咳嗽）、家庭中带毛宠物数量（当前喘息）、出生体重（迟发性喘息）和燃气灶具（当前喘息、持续性喘息）。在1987年进行更详细研究的一个儿童亚组中，1987年支气管高反应性与1995年持续性喘息呈正相关，而1987年阳性皮肤点刺试验则不然。
