Cabral A L, Carvalho W A, Chinen M, Barbiroto R M, Boueri F M, Martins M A
Darcy Vargas Hospital, and Dept of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Eur Respir J. 1998 Jul;12(1):35-40. doi: 10.1183/09031936.98.12010035.
The present study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of International Asthma Guidelines in low-income asthmatic children in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Fifty children with moderate or severe asthma were evaluated. Patients were evaluated before and after a 1 yr follow-up period using a pre- and post-education design with patients acting as their own controls. Parents were interviewed before and 1 yr after the programme. Most of the children were receiving inadequate medical care from their primary physicians, based mainly on bronchodilators. After the educational programme combined with a medical treatment based mainly on inhaled steroids, there was a decrease in emergency room visits and no need for hospital admissions. There was also a significant decrease in asthma severity and impairment scores (p<.0001). The combination of good medical care and an educational programme can reduce the symptoms of asthma and significantly increase the quality of life, as well as decreasing the costs of asthma treatment. We conclude that by applying the International Asthma Guidelines substantial success was achieved, resulting in moving the patients from crises-orientated management into a chronic care and preventive management mode.
本研究旨在评估《国际哮喘指南》对巴西圣保罗市低收入哮喘儿童的有效性。对50名中重度哮喘儿童进行了评估。采用教育前后设计,以患者自身作为对照,在1年随访期前后对患者进行评估。在项目实施前和实施1年后对家长进行访谈。大多数儿童从他们的初级医生那里得到的医疗护理不足,主要基于支气管扩张剂。在结合主要基于吸入性类固醇的药物治疗的教育项目实施后,急诊就诊次数减少,无需住院治疗。哮喘严重程度和损伤评分也显著降低(p<0.0001)。良好的医疗护理与教育项目相结合,可以减轻哮喘症状,显著提高生活质量,并降低哮喘治疗成本。我们得出结论,通过应用《国际哮喘指南》取得了巨大成功,使患者从以危机为导向的管理模式转变为慢性护理和预防管理模式。