Clapp J F
Department of Reproductive Biology, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44109, USA.
Diabetes Care. 1998 Aug;21 Suppl 2:B107-12.
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that a woman's dietary carbohydrate mix modifies the glucose and insulin response to both mixed caloric intake and exercise. Either a prospective randomized or a prospective randomized crossover design was used to examine the effects of two isocaloric, high-carbohydrate diets on the whole-blood glucose and insulin responses to mixed caloric intake and exercise in healthy nonpregnant (n = 14) and pregnant (n = 12) women. The diets differed only in the type of carbohydrate ingested. Those in one had low glycemic indexes and those in the other had high glycemic indexes. In nonpregnant women, the blood glucose response to a meal containing low-glycemic carbohydrate was half that seen with high-glycemic carbohydrate, and the effect of exercise on blood glucose was more pronounced while eating the high-glycemic carbohydrate diet. During pregnancy, women on the low-glycemic carbohydrate diet experienced no significant change in their glycemic response to mixed caloric intake, whereas those who switched to the high-glycemic carbohydrate diet experienced a 190% increase in their response. In conclusion, the type of dietary carbohydrate in a healthy, physically active woman's diet influences both her postprandial blood glucose profile and her blood sugar response to exercise.
女性的膳食碳水化合物组合会改变葡萄糖和胰岛素对混合热量摄入及运动的反应。采用前瞻性随机或前瞻性随机交叉设计，研究两种等热量、高碳水化合物饮食对健康未孕女性（n = 14）和孕龄女性（n = 12）全血葡萄糖和胰岛素对混合热量摄入及运动反应的影响。两种饮食仅在摄入的碳水化合物类型上有所不同。一种饮食的血糖生成指数较低，另一种的血糖生成指数较高。在未孕女性中，摄入低血糖生成指数碳水化合物的餐食后血糖反应是摄入高血糖生成指数碳水化合物后的一半，并且在食用高血糖生成指数碳水化合物饮食时运动对血糖的影响更为明显。在孕期，食用低血糖生成指数碳水化合物饮食的女性对混合热量摄入的血糖反应无显著变化，而转而食用高血糖生成指数碳水化合物饮食的女性反应增加了190%。总之，健康、有体育活动的女性饮食中的碳水化合物类型会影响其餐后血糖情况以及运动时的血糖反应。
