Kanojia R K, Junaid M, Murthy R C
Metal Analysis Laboratory, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, India.
Toxicol Lett. 1998 May;95(3):165-72. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00034-4.
Ingestion of chromium(VI) (250, 500 or 750 ppm as potassium dichromate, K2Cr2O7) through drinking water by female rats for 3 months prior to gestation was toxic to embryo and fetus. There was a significant reduction in number of implantations and number of fetuses and an increase in number of resorptions and pre-implantation and post-implantation losses. No significant visceral abnormality was found. The increase in the number of subdermal hemorrhagic patches on the thorax and abdomen was significant. Skeletal abnormality in the form of reduced ossification in parietal, interparietal and caudal bones was observed in fetuses. Chromium levels in the blood of mothers, placenta and fetuses showed a significant increase. Duration of the estrous cycle was also increased significantly. The study revealed that long-term chromium exposure in rats did not cause embryo and fetotoxicity in a duration-dependent manner compared to short-term treatment as observed earlier. A possible explanation could be that, in the 90-day study, the female rats did not mate for three estrous cycles, thus giving time for clearance of a sizable amount of chromium from their bodies.
在妊娠前3个月，雌性大鼠通过饮用水摄入六价铬（以重铬酸钾K₂Cr₂O₇计，浓度为250、500或750 ppm）对胚胎和胎儿具有毒性。着床数和胎儿数显著减少，吸收数以及着床前和着床后损失增加。未发现明显的内脏异常。胸部和腹部皮下出血斑数量增加显著。在胎儿中观察到顶骨、顶间骨和尾骨骨化减少形式的骨骼异常。母体、胎盘和胎儿血液中的铬水平显著升高。发情周期时长也显著增加。该研究表明，与早期观察到的短期处理相比，大鼠长期接触铬不会以时间依赖的方式导致胚胎和胎儿毒性。一种可能的解释是，在为期90天的研究中，雌性大鼠在三个发情周期内未交配，从而有时间从其体内清除相当数量的铬。
