O'Keefe L P, Levitt J B, Kiper D C, Shapley R M, Movshon J A
Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York 10003-6621, USA.
J Neurophysiol. 1998 Aug;80(2):594-609. doi: 10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.594.
The nocturnal, New World owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) has a rod-dominated retina containing only a single cone type, supporting only the most rudimentary color vision. However, it does have well-developed magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) retinostriate pathways and striate cortical architecture [as defined by the pattern of staining for the activity-dependent marker cytochrome oxidase (CO)] similar to that seen in diurnal primates. We recorded from single neurons in anesthetized, paralyzed owl monkeys using drifting, luminance-modulated sinusoidal gratings, comparing receptive field properties of M and P neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus and in V1 neurons assigned to CO "blob," "edge," and "interblob" regions and across layers. Tested with achromatic stimuli, the receptive field properties of M and P neurons resembled those reported for other primates. The contrast sensitivity of P cells in the owl monkey was similar to that of P cells in the macaque, but the contrast sensitivities of M cells in the owl monkey were markedly lower than those in the macaque. We found no differences in eye dominance, orientation, or spatial frequency tuning, temporal frequency tuning, or contrast response for V1 neurons assigned to different CO compartments; we did find fewer direction-selective cells in blobs than in other compartments. We noticed laminar differences in some receptive field properties. Cells in the supragranular layers preferred higher spatial and lower temporal frequencies and had lower contrast sensitivity than did cells in the granular and infragranular layers. Our data suggest that the receptive field properties across functional compartments in V1 are quite homogeneous, inconsistent with the notion that CO blobs anatomically segregate signals from different functional "streams."
夜行性的新大陆夜猴（Aotus trivirgatus）具有以视杆细胞为主的视网膜，仅包含单一类型的视锥细胞，仅支持最基本的色觉。然而，它确实具有发育良好的大细胞（M）和小细胞（P）视网膜 - 纹状体通路以及纹状皮质结构[由活性依赖标记细胞色素氧化酶（CO）的染色模式定义]，类似于在昼行性灵长类动物中看到的结构。我们使用漂移的、亮度调制的正弦光栅，从麻醉、瘫痪的夜猴的单个神经元进行记录，比较外侧膝状体核以及分配到CO“斑点”、“边缘”和“斑点间”区域及各层的V1神经元中M和P神经元的感受野特性。用消色差刺激进行测试时，M和P神经元的感受野特性与其他灵长类动物报道的相似。夜猴中P细胞的对比敏感度与猕猴中P细胞的相似，但夜猴中M细胞的对比敏感度明显低于猕猴中的。我们发现分配到不同CO区室的V1神经元在眼优势、方向或空间频率调谐、时间频率调谐或对比反应方面没有差异；我们确实发现斑点中的方向选择性细胞比其他区室中的少。我们注意到在一些感受野特性方面存在层间差异。颗粒上层的细胞偏好更高的空间频率和更低的时间频率，并且比颗粒层和颗粒下层的细胞具有更低的对比敏感度。我们的数据表明，V1中跨功能区室的感受野特性相当均匀，这与CO斑点在解剖学上分离来自不同功能“流”的信号这一观点不一致。
