Brusick D, Albertini R, McRee D, Peterson D, Williams G, Hanawalt P, Preston J
Environ Mol Mutagen. 1998;32(1):1-16. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1998)32:1<1::aid-em1>3.0.co;2-q.
During the past several years, concerns have been raised regarding the potential adverse effects of exposures to nonionizing radiation, particularly in the extremely low frequency (ELF) range (50 to 60 MHz) and radiofrequency radiation (RFR) with frequencies ranging from 30 KHz to 30,000 MHz. One focus of concern has been potential DNA interactions. Publications reviewing the genotoxicity of ELF radiation [McCann et al. (1993): Mutat Res 297(1):61-95; Murphy et al. (1993): Mutat Res 296:221-240; NAS (1997)], have been uniform in concluding that the weight of evidence does not indicate any genotoxic risk from exposure to this type of radiation. Concern that RFR may be associated with adverse biological effects [WHO, 1993], including recent allegations that they may be involved in the production of brain tumors in humans [Elmer-Dewit (1993): Time, February 8:42], has resulted in the production of a large number of publications describing the effects of RFR on the integrity of nucleic acids. Data from studies conducted in a frequency range from 800 to 3,000 MHz were reviewed and subjected to a weight-of-evidence evaluation. The evaluation focused on direct toxicological effects of RFR as well as on studies addressing basic biological responses to RFR at the cellular and molecular level. The data from over 100 studies suggest that RFR is not directly mutagenic and that adverse effects from exposure of organisms to high frequencies and high power intensities of RFR are predominantly the result of hyperthermia; however, there may be some subtle indirect effects on the replication and/or transcription of genes under relatively restricted exposure conditions.
在过去几年中，人们对暴露于非电离辐射的潜在不良影响表示担忧，尤其是在极低频（ELF）范围（50至60兆赫兹）以及频率范围从30千赫兹至30000兆赫兹的射频辐射（RFR）。关注的一个焦点是潜在的DNA相互作用。回顾ELF辐射遗传毒性的出版物[麦肯等人（1993年）：《突变研究》297(1):61 - 95；墨菲等人（1993年）：《突变研究》296:221 - 240；美国国家科学院（1997年）]，一致得出结论，证据权重并未表明暴露于此类辐射存在任何遗传毒性风险。对RFR可能与不良生物效应相关的担忧[世界卫生组织，1993年]，包括近期有人声称它们可能与人类脑肿瘤的产生有关[埃尔默 - 德维特（1993年）：《时代》，2月8日：42]，导致大量描述RFR对核酸完整性影响的出版物问世。对在800至3000兆赫兹频率范围内进行的研究数据进行了审查，并进行了证据权重评估。该评估聚焦于RFR的直接毒理学效应以及在细胞和分子水平上探讨对RFR基本生物反应的研究。来自100多项研究的数据表明，RFR并非直接致突变，生物体暴露于高频和高功率强度的RFR产生的不良影响主要是热疗的结果；然而，在相对受限的暴露条件下，可能对基因的复制和/或转录存在一些细微的间接影响。
