Georgieff N, Dominey P F, Michel F, Marie-Cardine M, Dalery J
Service de Psychiatrie, C.H.S. le Vinatier, Lyon-Bron, France.
Psychiatry Res. 1998 Feb 27;77(3):197-208. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00008-0.
Anomia, or word finding difficulty, is a frequent clinical symptom of the depressive state. This study investigates naming and lexicalization processes (or word production processes) in 11 depressive patients (major depressive state), through a picture naming task of 53 images corresponding to low frequency words. Depressives showed significantly more anomia and made more naming errors (semantically related substitution words) than control subjects. Tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) states, which correspond to an impairment at a later stage of phonological encoding with partial activation of phonological shape, remained rare in depressives despite the increase of lexicalization difficulties observed. Anomia observed in depressives could thus be related to an impairment at the early stage of lexicalization or word production processes (pre-phonological item selection and access, or storage of the semantic lexical item in Working Memory for further phonological encoding), without lexical-semantic disorganization. We discuss the relationship between such an elementary speech production disorder and cognitive impairments demonstrated in the depressive state (deficit of effortful and attentional processes, impairment in activation or initiation of cognitive processes and responses).
命名障碍，即找词困难，是抑郁状态常见的临床症状。本研究通过一项针对53张与低频词对应的图片的命名任务，调查了11名抑郁症患者（重度抑郁状态）的命名和词汇化过程（即单词生成过程）。与对照组相比，抑郁症患者表现出明显更多的命名障碍，且出现了更多的命名错误（语义相关的替代词）。尽管观察到词汇化困难增加，但对应于语音编码后期受损且语音形式部分激活的舌尖（TOT）状态在抑郁症患者中仍然很少见。因此，在抑郁症患者中观察到的命名障碍可能与词汇化或单词生成过程早期的损伤有关（语音前项目选择和获取，或在工作记忆中存储语义词汇项目以便进一步进行语音编码），而不存在词汇语义紊乱。我们讨论了这种基本言语产生障碍与抑郁状态下所表现出的认知障碍之间的关系（努力和注意力过程的缺陷、认知过程和反应的激活或启动受损）。
