Kay J, Ellis A
Brain. 1987 Jun;110 ( Pt 3):613-29. doi: 10.1093/brain/110.3.613.
The case of a neurological patient with severe anomic word-finding difficulties is reported. A detailed cognitive neuropsychological investigation of the patient's ability to name objects to confrontation was carried out in an attempt to determine where his cognitive deficits might lie. In contrast to the findings of recent case studies of word-finding difficulty (e.g., Howard and Orchard-Lisle, 1984), it was observed that the patient seemed to have a clear understanding of the items that he was trying to name, suggesting that his problems in word-finding were not semantically based. Indeed, the patient would often generate partial phonological information about the sought-after word, indicating that he had a specific target in mind, and this was reminiscent of 'tip-of-the-tongue' states in normal word-finding. A difficulty in retrieving complete phonological forms of words is considered as the probable locus of his anomia. A distinction is made between semantically-based and phonologically-based anomias.
本文报告了一例患有严重命名性失语症的神经科患者。对该患者面对物体命名的能力进行了详细的认知神经心理学调查，以试图确定其认知缺陷可能所在之处。与最近关于找词困难的病例研究结果（如Howard和Orchard-Lisle，1984）不同，观察发现该患者似乎对他试图命名的物品有清晰的理解，这表明他的找词问题并非基于语义。实际上，患者常常会生成关于所找单词的部分语音信息，这表明他心中有一个特定目标，这让人联想到正常找词时的“舌尖”状态。单词完整语音形式检索困难被认为是其命名性失语症的可能病灶所在。文中对基于语义的命名性失语症和基于语音的命名性失语症进行了区分。
