Quinn J P
Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 1998 Aug;27 Suppl 1:S117-24. doi: 10.1086/514912.
In this review I will briefly survey the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Burkholderia cepacia as opportunistic pathogens. A common feature of these organisms is intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics. All of these organisms can be recovered from the environment, commonly cause device-related infections, are often resistant to disinfectants, and have the potential to spread from patient to patient via fomites or the hands of medical personnel. Newer clinical syndromes will be emphasized, including the increasing importance of P. aeruginosa infections in patients with AIDS, as well as the role of carbapenems in selecting for A. baumanii and S. maltophilia and the unique niche of B. cepacia in patients with cystic fibrosis.
在本综述中，我将简要概述铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌作为机会性病原体的作用。这些微生物的一个共同特征是对多种抗生素具有内在抗性。所有这些微生物都可从环境中分离得到，通常引起与器械相关的感染，常常对消毒剂耐药，并且有可能通过污染物或医务人员的手在患者之间传播。将重点介绍新出现的临床综合征，包括铜绿假单胞菌感染在艾滋病患者中日益增加的重要性，以及碳青霉烯类抗生素在筛选鲍曼不动杆菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌方面的作用，还有洋葱伯克霍尔德菌在囊性纤维化患者中的独特生态位。
