Stice E
Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry, CA 94305-5542, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 1998 Oct;36(10):931-44. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(98)00074-6.
Although social influences are thought to promote bulimic pathology, little research has examined the effects of multiple socialization agents, or considered both modeling and social reinforcement processes. Accordingly, these two studies tested whether social reinforcement of the thin-ideal, and modeling of abnormal eating behavior by family, peers, and the media, (i) correlated with bulimic symptoms in a sample of young adult female (N = 114) and (ii) predicted the onset of bulimic behavior in a sample of adolescent females (N = 218). Social reinforcement of the thin-ideal by family, peers, and media was correlated with bulimic symptoms; family and peer social reinforcement prospectively predicted the onset of binge eating and purging. Family and peer, but not media, modeling of abnormal eating behavior was associated with concurrent bulimic symptoms, and predicted the onset of binge eating and purging. Results suggest that both social reinforcement and modeling processes may promote bulimic pathology, but imply that the effects are limited to family and peer influences.
尽管社会影响被认为会促进暴食症病理，但很少有研究考察多种社会化因素的影响，或同时考虑榜样作用和社会强化过程。因此，这两项研究测试了对瘦理想体型的社会强化，以及家庭、同伴和媒体对异常饮食行为的榜样作用，（i）在年轻成年女性样本（N = 114）中是否与暴食症症状相关，以及（ii）在青少年女性样本（N = 218）中是否能预测暴食行为的发生。家庭、同伴和媒体对瘦理想体型的社会强化与暴食症症状相关；家庭和同伴的社会强化前瞻性地预测了暴饮暴食和催吐行为的发生。家庭和同伴（而非媒体）对异常饮食行为的榜样作用与同时出现的暴食症症状相关，并预测了暴饮暴食和催吐行为的发生。结果表明，社会强化和榜样作用过程都可能促进暴食症病理，但意味着这些影响仅限于家庭和同伴的影响。
