Scott T W, Lorenz L H
Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park 20472, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Aug;59(2):341-6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.341.
The traditional view of interactions between arboviruses and their arthropod vectors is that vector hosts become increasingly resistant to parasites; parasite attenuation occurs; or through the process of coevolution, resistance and attenuation occur in concert. Detrimental effects from arboviruses are only seen when vector and virus are not yet well adapted. Results from this study indicate that eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) virus reduces survival and reproduction (fitness) of the mosquito Culiseta melanura, which is required for transmission of EEE virus in North America. Mosquito virulence was not measurably attenuated in virus isolates recovered 55 year apart. This virus did not affect the ability of mosquitoes to obtain a blood meal or the rate of mosquito oocyte development. Results from this study support those from earlier investigations with other mosquito-virus interactions and suggest that reproductively successful arboviruses can have detrimental effects on their mosquito vectors.
关于虫媒病毒与其节肢动物媒介之间相互作用的传统观点是，媒介宿主对寄生虫的抵抗力会逐渐增强；寄生虫毒力会减弱；或者通过共同进化过程，抵抗力和毒力会同时出现。只有当媒介和病毒尚未很好适应时，才会出现虫媒病毒的有害影响。这项研究的结果表明，东部马脑脊髓炎（EEE）病毒会降低北美地区传播EEE病毒所必需的黑尾库蚊的存活率和繁殖率（适合度）。在相隔55年分离得到的病毒株中，蚊子的毒力并没有明显减弱。这种病毒不会影响蚊子获取血餐的能力或蚊子卵母细胞的发育速度。这项研究的结果支持了早期关于其他蚊子与病毒相互作用的调查结果，并表明繁殖成功的虫媒病毒会对其蚊子媒介产生有害影响。
