Effects of Momordica charantia fruit juice on islet morphology in the pancreas of the streptozotocin-diabetic rat.

An investigation was made of the effect of Momordica charantia fruit juice on the distribution and number of alpha, beta and delta cells in the pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats using immunohistochemical methods. The results indicated that there was a significant (Student's t-test, P < 0.004) increase in the number of beta cells in M. charantia-treated animals when compared with untreated diabetics, however, their number was still significantly less than that obtained for normal rats. There was also a significant (P < 0.006) increase in the number of delta cells in STZ-diabetic rats compared to non-diabetic rats. This increase in the number of delta cells was not affected by M. charantia treatment. The number of alpha cells did not change significantly in M. charantia-treated rats when compared with untreated diabetic rats. Our results suggest that oral feeding of M. charantia fruit juice may have a role in the renewal of beta cells in STZ-diabetic rats or alternately may permit the recovery of partially destroyed beta cells.