Patel R K, Trivedi A H, Jaju R J, Kukreti M S, Bhatavdekar J M, Shah P M, Patel D D
Cell Biology Division, Gujarat Cancer Society, Asaroa, Ahmedabad, India.
Neoplasma. 1998;45(3):169-75.
Cytogenetic studies in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using aqueous and organic extracts of pan masalas, as well as genomic damage observed among pan masala consumers have conclusively shown genotoxic potential of pan masala-a dry complex mixture of areca nut, lime, catechu, cardamom, unspecified flavoring agent, etc., often containing tobacco in it. Tobacco and areca nut, major ingredients of pan masala, are closely associated with oral cancer. The most widely studied group of compounds in the field of chemoprevention is retinoids which includes natural vitamin A, beta-carotene and synthetic derivatives of vitamin A. In the present study, antigenotoxic effect of beta-carotene (BC) and retinoic acid (RA) on genotoxic potential of pan masala have been evaluated in CHO cells with the help of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency and chromosome aberration (CA) frequency as cytogenetic markers. The pulse treatment with pan masala plain/pan masala-tobacco (PM/PMT) extract in combination with either BC or RA yielded lower frequencies of CA and SCE in CHO cells as compared to the cultures treated with aqueous extract fo pan masalas alone. This antigenotoxic effect of BC and RA was more pronounced when treatment was given continuously for a longer duration. Thus, these results indicated possibility of using BC and RA to decrease the risk of oral cancer among pan masala chewers.
利用印度综合香料的水提取物和有机提取物对中国仓鼠卵巢（CHO）细胞进行的细胞遗传学研究，以及在印度综合香料消费者中观察到的基因组损伤，确凿地表明了印度综合香料（一种由槟榔、石灰、儿茶、豆蔻、未指明的调味剂等组成的干燥复合混合物，通常含有烟草）的遗传毒性潜力。烟草和槟榔是印度综合香料的主要成分，与口腔癌密切相关。在化学预防领域研究最广泛的一类化合物是类视黄醇，其中包括天然维生素A、β-胡萝卜素和维生素A的合成衍生物。在本研究中，以姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）频率和染色体畸变（CA）频率作为细胞遗传学标记，在CHO细胞中评估了β-胡萝卜素（BC）和视黄酸（RA）对印度综合香料遗传毒性潜力的抗遗传毒性作用。与单独用印度综合香料水提取物处理的培养物相比，用印度综合香料原味/含烟草印度综合香料（PM/PMT）提取物与BC或RA联合进行脉冲处理，CHO细胞中的CA和SCE频率较低。当连续处理较长时间时，BC和RA的这种抗遗传毒性作用更为明显。因此，这些结果表明使用BC和RA降低印度综合香料咀嚼者患口腔癌风险的可能性。
