Sullivan M L, Martinez C M, Gennis P, Gallagher E J
Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10464, USA.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1998 Jul-Aug;41(1):1-15. doi: 10.1016/s0033-0620(98)80019-4.
Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone that were developed as adjunct therapy for a variety of medical conditions. Today they are most commonly used to enhance athletic performance and muscular development. Both illicit and medically indicated anabolic steroid use have been temporally associated with many subsequent defects within each of the body systems. Testosterone is the preferred ligand of the human androgen receptor in the myocardium and directly modulates transcription, translation, and enzyme function. Consequent alterations of cellular pathology and organ physiology are similar to those seen with heart failure and cardiomyopathy. Hypertension, ventricular remodeling, myocardial ischemia, and sudden cardiac death have each been temporally and causally associated with anabolic steroid use in humans. These effects persist long after use has been discontinued and have significant impact on subsequent morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms of cardiac disease as a result of anabolic steroid use are discussed in this review.
合成代谢类固醇是睾酮的合成衍生物，最初被开发用作多种医疗状况的辅助治疗药物。如今，它们最常用于提高运动成绩和促进肌肉发育。非法使用和有医学指征使用合成代谢类固醇，在时间上都与身体各系统随后出现的许多缺陷有关。睾酮是心肌中人类雄激素受体的首选配体，可直接调节转录、翻译和酶的功能。由此导致的细胞病理和器官生理改变与心力衰竭和心肌病相似。高血压、心室重塑、心肌缺血和心源性猝死在时间上和因果关系上都与人类使用合成代谢类固醇有关。这些影响在停药后很长时间仍然存在，并对随后的发病率和死亡率产生重大影响。本综述讨论了使用合成代谢类固醇导致心脏病的机制。
