Johansson L M, Sundquist J, Johansson S E, Bergman B
Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Family Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1998 Aug;98(2):105-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb10050.x.
This study was designed to elucidate psychiatric admission rates for native Swedes and foreign-born individuals during the period 1991-1994, when Sweden had a great influx of refugees. During the same period, and even earlier, psychiatric in-patient care had been reduced. Tests of differences between Swedes and foreign-born individuals in first psychiatric admission rates were performed using Poisson regressions, and the risk of a readmission was assessed using a proportional hazard model. Foreign-born individuals and native Swedes, both males and females, showed a similar admission pattern with regard to the number of admissions. Foreign-born males under 55 years of age and foreign-born females under 35 years of age had significantly higher admission rates than native Swedes. In total, native Swedes, both males and females, were hospitalized for a significantly longer period than the foreign-born subjects. About 43% of the patients were readmitted. The risk of a readmission was significantly increased among those with a high rate of internal migration. The high admission rates for young foreign-born individuals might be explained by a high incidence of mental illness owing to the trauma of being violently forced to migrate, acculturation difficulties, or unsatisfactory social circumstances such as high unemployment. The shorter hospitalization time could be due to undertreatment or less serious mental illness.
本研究旨在阐明1991 - 1994年期间瑞典本土居民和外国出生者的精神病住院率，当时瑞典有大量难民涌入。在同一时期乃至更早之前，精神病住院治疗已经减少。使用泊松回归对瑞典人和外国出生者首次精神病住院率的差异进行了测试，并使用比例风险模型评估了再次住院的风险。外国出生者和瑞典本土居民，无论男性还是女性，在住院次数方面呈现出相似的住院模式。55岁以下的外国出生男性和35岁以下的外国出生女性的住院率显著高于瑞典本土居民。总体而言，瑞典本土居民，无论男性还是女性，住院时间都明显长于外国出生者。约43%的患者再次住院。内部迁移率高的人群再次住院的风险显著增加。年轻外国出生者的高住院率可能是由于被迫暴力迁移的创伤、文化适应困难或诸如高失业率等不理想的社会环境导致精神疾病发病率高。住院时间较短可能是由于治疗不足或精神疾病不太严重。
