Scott S V, Klionsky D J
Section of Microbiology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1998 Aug;10(4):523-9. doi: 10.1016/s0955-0674(98)80068-9.
The vacuole/lysosome is a primary catabolic site in the eukaryotic cell. One implication of its cellular role is that delivery systems must exist to target both hydrolytic enzymes and substrates destined for degradation to this organelle. A number of nonclassical vacuolar targeting pathways that deliver degradative substrates and at least one resident enzyme from the cytosol to the vacuole have recently been described. The pathways identified so far include cytoplasm to vacuole targeting, macroautophagy, pexophagy and vacuolar import and degradation. Cytological, genetic and molecular genetic approaches have begun to provide insight into the molecular basis of these processes.
液泡/溶酶体是真核细胞中的主要分解代谢场所。其细胞功能的一个含义是，必须存在将水解酶和注定要降解的底物靶向输送到该细胞器的递送系统。最近已经描述了一些非经典的液泡靶向途径，这些途径将降解性底物和至少一种来自细胞质的驻留酶输送到液泡。到目前为止确定的途径包括细胞质到液泡靶向、巨自噬、pexophagy和液泡导入与降解。细胞学、遗传学和分子遗传学方法已经开始为这些过程的分子基础提供见解。
