Cheun B S, Loughran M, Hayashi T, Nagashima Y, Watanabe E
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Fisheries, Japan.
Toxicon. 1998 Oct;36(10):1371-81. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00015-4.
Gonyautoxin (GTX), saxitoxin (STX) and tetrodotoxin (TTX), also known as paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP), block Na+ channels, including those in the frog bladder membrane. A tissue biosensor has been developed, consisting of a Na+ electrode covered with a frog bladder membrane integrated within a flow cell. The direction of Na+ transfer, investigated in the absence of Na+ channel blockers, established that active transport of Na+ occurs across the frogs bladder membrane from the internal to the external face. Transfer was shown to be TTX sensitive. The tissue sensor response to each of the different PSP was recorded and the results compared with toxicities determined by the standard mouse bio-assay. Using high concentrations of TTX from the puffer fish Takifugu niphobles, a linear correlation was found between the results from the two assay systems. However, the tissue biosensor system was also able to detect very low concentrations of TTX in samples from two species of puffer fish (Takifugu niphobles and Takifugu pardalis) at concentrations below the detection limit of the mouse bio-assay.
石房蛤毒素（GTX）、蛤蚌毒素（STX）和河豚毒素（TTX），也被称为麻痹性贝类毒素（PSP），会阻断包括蛙膀胱膜中那些在内的钠离子通道。一种组织生物传感器已被研发出来，它由一个覆盖有蛙膀胱膜的钠离子电极组成，该电极集成在一个流通池中。在没有钠离子通道阻滞剂的情况下对钠离子转移方向进行研究，结果表明钠离子会从蛙膀胱膜的内表面向其外表面进行主动转运。实验证明这种转运对河豚毒素敏感。记录了该组织传感器对每种不同麻痹性贝类毒素的响应，并将结果与通过标准小鼠生物测定法确定的毒性进行比较。使用来自星点东方鲀的高浓度河豚毒素，发现两种检测系统的结果之间存在线性相关性。然而，该组织生物传感器系统还能够检测到两种河豚（星点东方鲀和豹纹东方鲀）样本中浓度极低的河豚毒素，这些浓度低于小鼠生物测定法的检测限。
