Petoussi-Henss N, Zankl M, Drexler G, Panzer W, Regulla D
GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Phys Med Biol. 1998 Aug;43(8):2237-50. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/43/8/017.
Backscatter factors were determined for x-ray beams relevant to diagnostic radiology using Monte Carlo methods. The phantom size considered most suitable for calibration of dosimeters is a cuboid of 30 x 30 cm2 front surface and 15 cm depth. This phantom size also provides a good approximation to adult patients. Three different media were studied: water, PMMA and ICRU tissue; the source geometry was a point source with varying field size and source-to-phantom distance. The variations of the backscatter factor with phantom medium and field geometry were examined. From the obtained data, a set of backscatter factors was selected and proposed for adoption as a standard set for the calibration of dosimeters to be used to measure diagnostic reference doses.
使用蒙特卡罗方法确定了与诊断放射学相关的X射线束的反向散射因子。被认为最适合用于剂量计校准的模体尺寸是一个前表面为30×30平方厘米且深度为15厘米的长方体。这种模体尺寸也能很好地近似成年患者。研究了三种不同的介质：水、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）和国际辐射单位与测量委员会（ICRU）组织；源几何形状是具有不同射野大小和源到模体距离的点源。研究了反向散射因子随模体介质和射野几何形状的变化。根据获得的数据，选择并提议采用一组反向散射因子作为校准用于测量诊断参考剂量的剂量计的标准组。
