Steineur M P, Grosjean I, Bella C, Kaiserlian D
INSERM U. 404 "Immunité et Vaccination", Bât. Pasteur, av. Tony-Garnier, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
Eur J Dermatol. 1998 Sep;8(6):413-20.
We have previously reported that the measles virus (MV) could productively infect human dendritic cells (DC), derived in vitro from CD34+ cord blood progenitors in the presence of GM-CSF and TNF-alpha. In this study, we provide evidence that freshly isolated Langerhans cells (LC), which are immature dendritic cells located in skin and mucosal epithelia, are susceptible to MV infection in vitro as assessed by viral antigen expression by both LC syncytia and LC remaining as single cells. Moreover, MV-infected LC completely block naive allogeneic CD4+ T cell proliferation in response to uninfected LC. This active inhibitory effect is not due to virus transmission from infected LC, is independent of the maturation stage of LC at the time of infection and is antigen non-specific and MHC-unrestricted. Thus, both immature and mature LC are susceptible to measles virus infection, which turns these efficient antigen-presenting cells into active tolerogenic cells. LC infection may explain the long lasting immune suppression observed during natural measles infection.
我们之前报道过，在存在粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的情况下，麻疹病毒（MV）能够有效感染从CD34+脐血祖细胞体外诱导分化而来的人树突状细胞（DC）。在本研究中，我们提供证据表明，新鲜分离的朗格汉斯细胞（LC），即位于皮肤和黏膜上皮中的未成熟树突状细胞，体外对MV感染敏感，这通过LC形成的多核巨细胞和单个LC细胞中的病毒抗原表达得以评估。此外，MV感染的LC能完全阻断未感染的LC刺激的同基因幼稚CD4+ T细胞增殖。这种活性抑制作用并非源于感染的LC的病毒传播，与感染时LC的成熟阶段无关，是抗原非特异性且不受主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）限制的。因此，未成熟和成熟的LC均易受麻疹病毒感染，这使得这些高效的抗原呈递细胞转变为活性致耐受性细胞。LC感染可能解释了自然麻疹感染期间观察到的持久免疫抑制现象。
